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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2021.tde-28042022-163950
Document
Author
Full name
Jean de Lima
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva (President)
Barbuto, Jose Alexandre Marzagao
Patente, Thiago Andrade
Viola, Patricia Torres Bozza
Title in Portuguese
Papel da sirtuína 1 no fenótipo e função de células dendríticas no contexto do transplante em animais obesos
Keywords in Portuguese
Célula dendríticas
Indoleamina 2,3 dioxigenase
Obesidade
Sirtuína 1
Abstract in Portuguese
A Sirtuína 1 (SIRT1) pertence a classe 3 de histona desacetilase (HDAC3), a qual atua na diferenciação e ativação de células dendríticas (DCs). Portanto, ao modular fatores de transcrição, proteínas citoplasmáticas e componentes do metabolismo, SIRT1 pode controlar as funções das DCs e a polarização e ativação de linfócitos T. Nossa hipótese foi que a obesidade influenciaria a expressão de SIRT1 nas DCs, alterando seu fenótipo e função e, consequentemente, ativação das células T CD4+, o que exacerbaria a resposta inflamatória na obesidade. Observamos que as DCs derivadas da medula óssea, de órgãos linfoides secundários e do tecido adiposo visceral de animais obesos possuíam menor expressão de SIRT1. Além de BMDCs de animais obesos possuírem atividade de SIRT1 reduzida, quando comparado às BMDCs de animais magros. A ausência da expressão de SIRT1 nas DCs de animais obesos promoveu um impacto no metabolismo mitocondrial, sendo que a inibição de SIRT1 reduziu OXPHOS e aumentou o ECAR, contrastando com o tratamento com Resveratrol que promoveu um efeito oposto. A redução na SIRT1 aumentou a expressão de MHC-II, CD86 e CD40, aumentou da produção de IL-12p40 e diminuiu a produção de TGF-, culminando com maior polarização de células T CD4+ para o subtipo Th1. O aumento na SIRT1 em DCs induziu uma polarização de linfócitos T para um perfil regulador (CD25+Foxp3+). Corroborando esses dados, animais seletivamente desprovidos de SIRT1 em DCs (SIRT1), submetidos ao modelo de obesidade induzida por dieta, tiveram maior resistência à insulina e menor tolerância à glicose. Estas alterações estavam correlacionadas com o aumento da quantidade de gordura visceral (VAT) dos animais SIRT1 e menor frequência de DCs do subtipo cDC1 e maior de cDC2. Ademais, a via de quinurenina estava reduzida em animais obesos, principalmente na ausência de SIRT1. Por fim, identificamos que SIRT1 regula positivamente a expressão de Ido1. Portanto, o presente trabalho identificou que SIRT1 controla o metabolismo e as funções de DC, via modulação da via da quinurenina e IDO1, fenótipos mais impactados na obesidade. O eixo SIRT1-IDO1 pode ser um novo alvo no tratamento da inflamação crônica presente na obesidade e de comorbidades associadas.
Title in English
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) belongs to class 3 histone deacetylase (HDAC3) with a role in differentiating and activating dendritic cells (DCs)
Keywords in English
Dendritic cell
Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase
Obesity
Sirtuin 1
Abstract in English
Therefore, by modulating transcription factors, cytoplasmic proteins and metabolism components, SIRT1 can control the functions of DCs and the polarization and activation of T lymphocytes. Our hypothesis was that obesity would influence the expression of SIRT1 in DCs, changing its phenotype and function and, consequently, activation of CD4 + T cells, which would exacerbate the inflammatory response in obesity. We observed that DCs derived from bone marrow, secondary lymphoid organs and visceral adipose tissue from obese animals had less expression and, in BMDCs from obese animals, SIRT1 activity was reduced when compared to BMDCs from lean animals. The absence of SIRT1 expression in the DCs of obese animals had an impact on mitochondrial metabolism, and the inhibition of SIRT1 reduced OXPHOS and increased ECAR, in contrast to the treatment with Resveratrol which promoted an opposite effect. The reduction in SIRT1 increased the expression of MHC-II, CD86 and CD40, increased the production of IL-12p40 and decreased the production of TGF-, culminating in greater polarization of CD4 + T cells to the Th1 subtype. The increase in SIRT1 in DCs induced a polarization of T lymphocytes to a regulatory profile (CD25 + Foxp3 +). Corroborating these data, animals selectively devoid of SIRT1 in DCs (SIRT1), submitted to the diet-induced obesity model, had greater insulin resistance and less glucose tolerance. These changes were correlated with an increase in the amount of visceral fat (VAT) of the SIRT1 animals and a lower frequency of DCs of the cDC1 subtype and greater of cDC2. In addition, the Kynurenine pathway was reduced in obese animals, especially in the absence of SIRT1. Finally, we identified that SIRT1 positively regulates the expression of Ido1. Therefore, the present study identified that SIRT1 controls the metabolism and functions of DCs, via modulation of the Kynurenine pathway and IDO1, phenotypes most impacted in obesity. The SIRT1-IDO1 axis may be a new target in the treatment of chronic inflammation present in obesity and associated comorbidities.
 
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Release Date
2024-04-27
Publishing Date
2022-12-09
 
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