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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.42.2010.tde-19052010-153321
Document
Author
Full name
Mario Luis Garcia de Figueiredo
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Durigon, Edison Luiz (President)
Gomes, Almerio de Castro
Labruna, Marcelo Bahia
Murata, Ina Kakitani
Ventura, Armando Morais
Title in Portuguese
Identificação de flavivirus infectando culicídeos de 1999 a 2007 no Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
Arbovírus
Culicídeos
Flavivirus
Vírus Cacipacoré
Vírus da dengue
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: Arbovírus são vírus transmitidos por artrópodos, pertencendo, principalmente, aos gêneros Flavivirus (Flaviviridae), Alphavirus (Togaviridae) e Orthobunyavirus (Bunyavirus). Os Flavivirus, em sua maioria, são associados a zoonoses, causando doenças humanas febrís, febres hemorrágicas e encefalites. Inclusive, causam epidemias que são sério problema de saúde pública. Este estudo mostra uma pesquisa de Flavivirus em culicídeos, de diferentes regiões do país, utilizando uma técnica para identificação viral por RT-PCR com primers Flavivirusespecíficos e uma Multiplex-nested-PCR com primers espécie-específicos. Métodos: Culicídeos foram capturados, quantificados, identificados, agrupados em lotes por espécie e congelados. No laboratório, os animais foram macerados e tiveram o RNA extraído. Estes extratos foram submetidos a RT-PCR gênero-específica e à Multiplex-nested-PCR, para detecção e identificação dos vírus a nível de espécie. Resultado: De 3317 culicídios adultos e 571 larvas coletados em 4 diferentes regiões do Brasil, Sul, Sudeste, Norte e Nordeste, fez-se 246 lotes de mosquitos e desses foi possível obter amplicon sugestivo de Flavivirus em 16 (6,5%). Em 3 lotes contendo larvas de Aedes albopictus obteve-se amplicon sugestivo de vírus do dengue tipo 3. Também, em 13 lotes contendo Haemagogus leucocelaenus, Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus foi possível obter amplicons sugestivos de vírus do dengue tipos 1 e 2. Dos amplicons obtidos, 4 tiveram nucleotídios seqüenciados o que permitiu confirmar a presença dos vírus do dengue tipo 3 e Cacipacoré. Conclusão: O trabalho permitiu concluir que: a metodologia de RT-PCR para Flavivirus seguida de Multiplex-nested-PCR espécie-específica foi adequada para detecção e identificação destes vírus em culicídios; amplificaram-se genomas de Flavivirus em 6,5% dos lotes de culicídios estudados; vírus do dengue tipo 1 e tipo 2 foram encontrados infectando Aedes aegypti de Santos em 1999, Manaus em 2005-2006 e Foz do Iguaçu; vírus do dengue tipos 2 e 3 foram encontrados em Aedes albopictus de Santos em 1999 e Manaus em 2005-2006, sugerindo que este mosquito participe na transmissão de dengue; vírus do dengue tipo 3 foi encontrado em larvas de Aedes albopictus mostrando transmissão vertical do vírus; vírus do dengue tipo 1 foi encontrado infectando Haemagogus sp. sugerindo existência de ciclo silvático deste vírus; Aedes aegypti do Amazonas estavam infectados com o vírus Cacipacoré.
Title in English
Identification of flavivirus infecting culicídeos of 1999 to 2007 in Brazil
Keywords in English
Arbovirus
Cacipacoré virus
Culicídeos
Dengue virus
Flavivirus
Abstract in English
Introduction: Arbovirus are rodent-borne viruses mostly from Flavivirus (Flaviviridae), Alphavirus (Togaviridae) e Orthobunyavirus (Bunyavirus) genus. Flavivirus, are commonly zoonotic and can cause febrile illness, haemorrhagic fever and encephalitis. Flavivirus outbreaks occur in Brazil and are a major public health problem. We show here a research looking for Flavivirus infections in Culicidae by a RT-PCR using Flavivirus-especific primers and a Multiplex-nested-PCR using specie-specific primers for virus identification. Methods: Culicidae were captured, quantified, identified, pooled based on the specie and frozzen. In the laboratory, the animals were crushed and had the RNA extracted. These extracts were tested by a Flavivirus genus-specific RT-PCR followed by a specie-specific Multiplex-nested-PCR. Results: From 3317 captured adult Culicidae and 571 collected larvae in 4 different regions of Brazil, 246 pools were obtained and from these, Flavivirus indicative amplicons were obtained in 16 (6.5%). Amplicons of dengue type 3 were obtained from 3 pools of Aedes albopictus larvae. It was also possible to obtain indicative amplicons of dengue types 1 and 2 in 13 pools of Haemagogus leucocelaenus, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Besides, 4 amplicons had the nucleotides sequenced, confirming the mosquito infection by dengue type 3 and Cacipacoré viruses. Conclusion: The technique combining a Flavivirus genus-specific RT-PCR followed by a specie-specific Multiplex-nested-PCR was suitable for detection of these viruses in the mosquitoes; Flavivirus infecting Culicidae were detected in 6.5% of the analyzed mosquito pools; dengue virus type 1 and type 2 were found infecting Aedes aegypti from Santos (1999), Manaus (2005-2006) and Foz do Iguaçu cities; dengue type 2 virus was found in Aedes albopictus from Santos city (1999) and Manaus city (2005-2006), suggesting that this mosquito could be participating on dengue transmition; dengue type 3 virus was found in Aedes albopictus larvae showing the vertical transmission of this virus; dengue type 1 virus was found infecting Haemagogus sp. what suggests on the existence of a sylvatic maintenance cycle of this virus; Aedes aegypti from Amazonas state were found infeted by Cacipacoré virus.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-06-08
 
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