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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.42.2023.tde-14092023-170013
Document
Author
Full name
Nathalia Carrijo Oliveira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Braga, Patricia Cristina Baleeiro Beltrao (President)
Carrettiero, Daniel Carneiro
Kihara, Alexandre Hiroaki
Lopes, Marilene Hohmuth
Title in Portuguese
Investigação da infecção de SARS-CoV-2 em neurônios corticais e sensoriais derivados de células tronco pluripotentes induzidas (iPSC) humanas
Keywords in Portuguese
células progenitoras neurais
COVID-19
iPSC
neurônio cortical
neurônio sensorial
SARS-CoV-2
Abstract in Portuguese
O Coronavírus da Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2) é o responsável pela doença do Coronavírus (COVID19), onde, além quadro respiratório, foram reportados prejuízos neurológicos relacionados ao Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC) como confusão mental, ataxia, convulsões e encefalite; e ao Sistema Nervoso Periférico (SNP) como anosmia e ageusia. Os mecanismos moleculares envolvidos no acometimento do sistema nervoso e os possíveis prejuízos a médio e longo prazo ainda não foram elucidados. Dada a necessidade de compreendermos os mecanismos virais do SARS-CoV-2 em células do SNC e SNP, este projeto propõe investigar os efeitos da infecção viral em neurônios corticais e sensoriais, e seus progenitores, todos derivados de células pluripotentes induzidas humanas (iPSC), buscando observar os efeitos citopáticos, e verificar as vias e mecanismos celulares que estão alterados após a infecção. De forma pioneira, diferenciamos células nervosas periféricas a partir de iPSC derivada de célula da polpa dentária e infectamos as células progenitoras da crista neural (NCPC). Nossos resultados revelam que os neurônios corticais foram menos susceptíveis à morte por apoptose pelo SARS-CoV-2 do que as suas precursoras (células progenitoras neurais, NPC) e de que as células progenitoras de neurônios sensoriais (NCPC). Além disso, observamos que houve um aumento da produção das citocinas IL-6, RANTES e IL-4 em todos os tipos celulares após a infecção viral, sendo que o SARS-CoV-2 gerou um perfil neuroinflamatório maior em NPC e em neurônio cortical, com aumento, também, de IL-15, GM-CSF, IL-10, IL-1ra, IL-8, IL-12p70, VEGF, MIP-1β e IL-5. Em relação ao impacto no funcionamento dos neurônios corticais em termos de sinaptogênese, não houve variação na expressão de proteínas pré-sinápticas. Nossos resultados mostraram um impacto parcial no funcionamento de células nervosas, resultando em neuroinflamação e morte. Novos estudos são necessários para elucidar o impacto da infecção, em especial novos estudos funcionais.
Title in English
Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cortical and sensory neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)
Keywords in English
cortical neuron
COVID-19
iPSC
neural progenitor cell
SARS-CoV-2
sensory neuron
Abstract in English
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the Coronavirus disease (COVID19), which, in addition to respiratory symptoms, has been reported neurological damage related to the Central Nervous System (CNS) such as mental confusion, ataxia , seizures and encephalitis; and to the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) such as anosmia and ageusia. The molecular mechanisms involved in the nervous system impairment and the possible medium- and long-term damages are still unclear. Due to needing to understand the viral mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in CNS and PNS cells, this project proposes to investigate the effects of viral infection on cortical and sensory neurons, and their progenitors, all derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), aiming to observe the cytopathic effects and verify the pathways and cellular mechanisms changed after infection. Pioneeringly, we differentiated peripheral nerve cells from iPSC derived from dental pulp cell and infected neural crest progenitor cells (NCPC). Our results reveal that cortical neurons were less susceptible to death by apoptosis by SARS-CoV-2 than their precursors (neural progenitor cells, NPC) and sensory neuron progenitor cells (NCPC). In addition, we observed an increase in the production of cytokines IL-6, RANTES and IL-4 in all cell types after viral infection, and SARS-CoV-2 created a greater neuroinflammatory profile in NPC and cortical neuron , with an increase of IL-15, GM-CSF, IL-10, IL-1ra, IL-8, IL-12p70, VEGF, MIP-1β and IL-5 as well. Regarding the impact on the functioning of cortical neurons in terms of synaptogenesis, there was no variation in the expression of presynaptic proteins. Our results showed a partial impact on nerve cell functioning, resulting in neuroinflammation and death. New studies are needed to elucidate the impact of the infection, especially new functional studies.
 
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Release Date
2025-09-13
Publishing Date
2023-09-15
 
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