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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.41.2022.tde-22032023-111535
Document
Author
Full name
Andressa Cristina Giuliani Martins Bueno
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Morgante, Angela Maria Vianna (President)
Araújo, Juliana Forte Mazzeu de
Haddad, Luciana Amaral
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da deficiência intelectual com herança ligada ao cromossomo X: investigação de variantes causais em filhos de mulheres com desvios extremos da inativação do X
Keywords in Portuguese
Deficiência intelectual
Deficiência intelectual com herança ligada ao cromossomo X
Inativação do cromossomo X.
Abstract in Portuguese
A Deficiência Intelectual (DI) é condição complexa e heterogênea que afeta 1% a 3% dos indivíduos nas populações, representando importante problema de saúde pública. Vários estudos mostram frequência significativamente maior de indivíduos do sexo masculino afetados por DI moderada a grave do que de mulheres, parte podendo ser explicada pela DI com herança ligada ao X. Este estudo teve o objetivo de identificar variantes causais de DI em genes do cromossomo X. Realizamos o sequenciamento completo do exoma em 17 pacientes do sexo masculino, casos isolados de DI em suas famílias, selecionados pelos desvios extremos da inativação do cromossomo X (razão de inativação 95:5) em suas mães, indicativo de serem elas portadoras de variantes em genes do X que causam DI em seus filhos. Variantes candidatas foram identificadas em sete pacientes; em quatro deles (23,5%), as variantes foram confirmadas pelo sequenciamento de Sanger, estando também presentes em suas mães; essas variantes estão em genes já associados a DI (MED12, HPRT1, NEXMIF e UBE2A) e a relação causal com o fenótipo pôde ser estabelecida. Em três pacientes, as variantes, encontradas em genes também relacionados a DI (AMMECR1, OCRL, GRIK2), não puderam ser definitivamente associadas ao fenótipo. Esses resultados confirmam o desvio de inativação do cromossomo X nas mães como indicativo da presença de variantes patogênicas que causam DI em seus filhos, devendo ser considerado no estudo da DI, particularmente de casos isolados.
Title in English
Investigation of X-linked intellectual disability: search for causative variants in sons of women with highly skewed X-inactivation
Keywords in English
Intellectual disability
X-inactivation
X-linked intelectual disability
Abstract in English
Intellectual disability (ID) is a complex and heterogeneous condition affecting 1% to 3% of the population worldwide, being a major public health problem. The frequency of males with moderate to severe ID is significantly higher than the frequency of affected females, and this difference may be in part explained by X-linked ID.The present study aimed at identifying causative variants of ID in X-linked genes. We performed whole exome sequencing in 17 patients, isolated cases of ID in their families, and selected on the basis of highly skewed X-inactivation (inactivation ratios 95:5) in their others, indicative of being carriers of X-linked causative variants of ID in their sons. Candidate variants were detected in seven patients; in four of them (23.5%), these variants were validated after Sanger sequencing, and were found to be carried by their mothers. These variants were mapped to genes that had been associated to ID (MED12, HPRT1, NEXMIF e UBE2A), and a causal relationship with the clinical signs could be established. In three patients, the variants, also in ID-associated genes (AMMECR1, OCRL, GRIK2), could not be clearly related to their clinical features. These results confirm X-inactivation skewing in mothers as indicative of being carriers of ID causative variants in their sons, and to be considered particularly in the study of isolated cases.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-03-28
 
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