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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.41.2023.tde-26042023-142920
Document
Author
Full name
Antonio Fernando Ribeiro Júnior
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Vainzof, Mariz (President)
Bach, Aurea Beatriz Martins
Dariolli, Rafael
Ferrari, Merari de Fatima Ramires
Title in Portuguese
Estudo de proteínas envolvidas na diferenciação tardia do músculo esquelético e seu papel no processo distrófico
Keywords in Portuguese
distrofias musculares
fusão celular
miogênese
regeneração muscular
Abstract in Portuguese
O comprometimento do músculo esquelético nas distrofias musculares genéticas é marcadamente caracterizado por ciclos de degeneração e regeneração. A regeneração é muitas vezes ineficiente, levando a uma perda progressiva de massa muscular. Nossos estudos recentes com modelos de camundongos distróficos, no entanto, mostraram a manutenção de um processo regenerativo ativo nos músculos, com a presença de um pool significativo de células satélite com capacidade proliferativa mantida e formação de novas fibras musculares. Entretanto, essas fibras recém-formadas permanecem menores e com menos mionúcleos, compatíveis com um processo regenerativo defeituoso. Para entender melhor esse mecanismo comprometido, aqui estudamos a miogênese no músculo distrófico usando um modelo celular de mioblastos imortalizados de pacientes com DMD e controles saudáveis. Observamos a formação de miotubos defeituosos na DMD, com miotubos menores, mais finos e contendo menos mionúcleos. Analisamos alguns genes relacionados a processos-chave na formação de miotubos, avaliando tanto a expressão de mRNA quanto de proteínas. O estudo incluiu genes relacionados à fusão de membranas (miomaker, miomixer e colágeno 25A1) à regulação do processo miogênico (MYF5, MYOD e MYOG) e à dinâmica de membranas e migração celular (palmdelphin e shisa2). O processo de migração in vitro dos mioblastos também foi estudado. Nossos achados sugerem que a ineficiente de formação de miotubos em células de DMD pode não estar relacionada às proteínas que atuam diretamente no processo de fusão celular, mas sim em etapas anteriores, como a migração, que está alterada em DMD. Análises mais profundas do processo de migração de mioblastos distróficos devem ser realizadas a fim de entender esta importante etapa da regeneração e pode apontar para importantes alvos para terapias em distrofias musculares.
Title in English
Study of proteins involved in late differentiation of skeletal muscle and their role in the dystrophic
Keywords in English
cell fusion
muscle regeneration
muscular dystrophies
myogenesis
Abstract in English
Skeletal muscle impairment in genetic muscular dystrophies is markedly characterized by cycles of degeneration and regeneration. The regeneration is usually inefficient, leading to a progressive loss of muscle mass. Our recent studies with mice dystrophic models, however, have shown maintenance of an active regenerative process in the muscles, with the presence of a significant pool of satellite cells with proliferative capacity, and formation of new muscle fibers. Nonetheless, these newly formed fibers remain smaller and with fewer myonuclei, compatible with a defective regenerative process. To better understand this compromised mechanism, here we studied the myogenesis in the dystrophic muscle using a cellular model of immortalized myoblasts from DMD and normal controls. We observed a defective myotube formation in DMD, with the formation of smaller and thinner myotubes containing fewer myonuclei. We analyzed some genes that could be involved to key processes in myotube formation, evaluating both mRNA and protein expression. The study included genes related to membrane fusion (myomaker, myomixer, and colagen 25A1) and cellular migration (palmdelphin and shisa2). The myoblast migration process was also studied. Our findings suggest that more than an alteration in the proteins involved in the fusion of myoblasts, the migration capacity is compromised in DMD immortalized cells and possibly impairs efficient myotube formation. Additional analysis of the migration process of dystrophic myoblasts must be performed in order to understand this important stage of regeneration and may point to important targets for therapies in muscular dystrophies.
 
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Release Date
2025-02-24
Publishing Date
2023-05-03
 
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