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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.41.2023.tde-13062023-163251
Document
Author
Full name
Lucas Carvalho Price
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Okamoto, Oswaldo Keith (President)
Davila, Carolini Kaid
Ferrari, Merari de Fatima Ramires
Pegoraro, Camila de Oliveira Rodini
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da regulação de OCT4 pelo efetor final da Via Hippo, YAP, e seu efeito sobre células-tronco tumorais de meduloblastoma
Keywords in Portuguese
Células-tronco tumorais
Meduloblastoma
OCT4
Via Hippo
YAP
Abstract in Portuguese
A proteína OCT4 já vem sendo estudada devido à sua importância na manutenção de pluripotência e autorrenovação em células-tronco. Ela é um dos quatro Fatores de Yamanaka, utilizados na formação de células pluripotentes induzidas (iPSCs). Além disso, a expressão anormal de OCT4 é encontrada em tumores e sua expressão exacerbada mostrou-se relacionada a um pior prognóstico em pacientes com diferentes tipos de câncer. Diferentes grupos mostraram que esta proteína pode ser regulada por um outro fator de transcrição, o efetor final da Via Hippo, o YAP, responsável por regular a expressão de diversos genes associados com proliferação e sobrevivência celular e cuja expressão também está relacionada com os fenótipos de células-tronco normais e tumorais. No presente estudo é avaliada a importância da expressão de YAP para a atividade de OCT4 em linhagens de meduloblastoma, um tumor caracterizado por apresentar células-tronco tumorais em sua composição. Isto foi feito com células knock-out para YAP, nas quais analisamos da expressão de OCT4 e os genes-alvo de YAP; Birc5, Cyr61 e CTGF. A seguir, investigamos se a expressão de OCT4 é impreterível para os efeitos da desregulação da Via Hippo por meio de ensaios de capacidade de formação de esferas tumorais comparando as linhagens com inibição de OCT4 por RNA de interferência. Nós observamos que com a inibição de YAP, houve uma redução significativa na expressão proteica, e não gênica, de OCT4, e que as esferas tumorais geradas com silenciamento de OCT4 apresentaram uma menor capacidade proliferativa, de coesão e de autorrenovação nas duas linhagens estudadas, similarmente ao que ocorre com a inibição isolada de YAP. Esses achados dão alguns indícios de uma regulação entre YAP e OCT4 que deve ser explorada mais a fundo.
Title in English
Study of the regulation of OCT4 by Hippo Pathways final effector, YAP, and its effect on medulloblastoma tumour stem-cells.
Keywords in English
Cancer Stem Cells
Hippo Pathway.
Medulloblastoma
OCT4
YAP
Abstract in English
The protein OCT4 is already being studied due to its importance in the maintenance of pluripotency and self-renewal in stem cells. It is one of the four Yamanaka Factors, utilized in the formation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Besides this, the abnormal expression of OCT4 is to be found in tumours and its exacerbated expression has been shown to be related to a worse prognosis in patients with different types of cancer. Different groups have shown that this protein may be regulated by another transcription factor, the final effector of the Hippo Pathway, YAP, that is responsible for regulating the expression of various genes associated with cellular proliferation and survival and the expression of which is also related to the phenotypes of normal and cancer stem cells. In the present study, we evaluate the importance of YAP expression to the activity of OCT4 in medulloblastoma cell-lines, a tumour characterized by the presence of cancer stem cells in its composition. This was done with YAP knock-out cells, where we analyzed the expression of OCT4, and the target genes of YAP; Birc5, Cyr61 and CTGF. We then investigated whether or not the expression of OCT4 is imperative to the effects seen with the deregulation of the Hippo Pathway, through tumorsphere formation assays, comparing the cell lines with OCT4 inhibition by small interference RNA. We observed that with the inhibition of YAP, there was a significant reduction in protein expression, but not gene expression, of OCT4, and that the tumorspheres generated while silencing OCT4 showed lower proliferative capacity, cohesion and self-renewal as compared to control, similarly to what occurred with the isolated inhibition of YAP. These findings give some indications of a regulation between YAP and OCT4 that should be explored more deeply.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-06-20
 
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