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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.38.2023.tde-31052023-163153
Document
Author
Full name
Rafael Dell'Erba
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Marcelo Duarte da (President)
Brandão, Karina Lucas da Silva
Carrijo, Tiago Fernandes
Casari, Sonia Aparecida
Taumaturgo, Thamara Zacca Bispo
Title in Portuguese
Análise filogenética de Hylesia Hübner, 1820 (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae, Hemileucinae)
Keywords in Portuguese
Cerdas urticantes
Filogenia
Hemileucini
Lepidoptera
Região Neotropical
Abstract in Portuguese
O gênero Hylesia é o segundo mais diverso de Hemileucini, com 283 espécies. A distribuição geográfica vai desde o norte do México até a Argentina. Entre as principais características do gênero, destacam-se: antena da fêmea estreita e bidentada, mais larga perto da base; epífise presente na fêmea; mesoscuto sem anel médio-dorsal e M1 com origem no ângulo apical da célula discal da asa posterior. O gênero é atualmente dividido em uma série de subgrupos com base em morfologia e no gene COI. No entanto, até o momento não foi dedicado um esforço para reconstruir as hipóteses de relacionamento entre as espécies. Nosso objetivo foi realizar análise filogenética com pelo menos um terminal representante dos 36 subgrupos já estabelecidos na literatura. Ao todo 191 caracteres de morfologia externa e genitália foram levantados, sendo: 0-20 = cabeça, 21- 24 = coloração do tórax, 25-119 = asas, 129-182 = genitália masculina, 183-190 = genitália feminina). Os 103 táxons terminais do grupo interno e quatro para o grupo externo foram submetidos à Análise de Máxima Parcimônia usando o programa TNT com os parâmetros gerais de busca: New Technology Search, sem pesagem implícita e best score mínimo de 100 vezes. A análise resultou em uma única topologia, que se apresentou bem resolvida e repleta de homoplasias. A monofilia do gênero foi recuperada, assim como a de um subgênero, porém os inúmeros subgrupos tiveram posicionamento diversificado. As exceções são os seis subgrupos lineata, umbrata, annulata, ebalus, melanostigma e cottica que foram recuperados na análise cladística. Os índices de consistência reescalonado, suporte de Bremer relativo e mapeamento dos caracteres são apresentados.
Title in English
Phylogenetic analysis of Hylesia Hübner, 1820 (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae, Hemileucinae)
Keywords in English
Hemileucini
Lepidoptera
Neotropical Region
Phylogeny
Urticanting hairs hairs
Abstract in English
The genus Hylesia is the second most diverse of Hemileucini, with 283 species. The geographical distribution ranges from northern Mexico to Argentina. Among the main characteristics of the genus, the following stand out: the female's antenna is narrow and bidentate, wider near the base; epiphysis present in the female; mesoscutum without a mid-dorsal ring and M1 originating from the apical angle of the discal cell of the hind wing. The genus is currently divided into a number of subgroups based on morphology and the COI gene. However, so far, no effort has been devoted to rebuilding hypotheses of relationships between species. Our objective was to perform a phylogenetic analysis with at least one terminal representative of the 36 subgroups already established in the literature. A total of 191 characters of external morphology and genitalia were surveyed, as follows: 0-20 = head, 21-24 = thorax coloration, 25-119 = wings, 129-182 = male genitalia and 183-190 = female genitalia). The 103 terminal taxa from the inner group and four from the outer group were submitted to Maximum Parsimony Analysis using the TNT program with the general search parameters: New Technology Search, without implicit weighting and minimum best score hit 100 times. The analysis resulted in a single topology, which was well resolved and a lot of homoplasies. The monophyly of the genus was recovered, as well as that of a subgenus, but the numerous subgroups had diversified positioning. The exceptions are the six subgroups lineata, umbrata, annulata, ebalus, melanostigma and cottica that were recovered in the cladistic analysis. The rescaled consistency indices, relative Bremer support and character mapping are presented.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-06-06
 
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