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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.3.2006.tde-15032007-113057
Document
Author
Full name
André Negrão de Moura
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Morita, Dione Mari (President)
Camargo, Otávio Antonio de
Corseuil, Henry Xavier
Garcia Junior, Oswaldo
Rivera, Irma Nelly Gutierrez
Title in Portuguese
Remediação de áreas contaminadas com metais pesados utilizando Acidithiobacillus sp.
Keywords in Portuguese
Chumbo
Contaminação
Lixiviação
Solo tropical
Zinco
Abstract in Portuguese
A "Região dos Lagos" de Santa Gertrudes é um exemplo das muitas áreas contaminadas com metais pesados existentes no Estado de São Paulo e no Brasil. O pólo de Revestimentos Cerâmicos de Santa Gertrudes dispôs inadequadamente seus resíduos sólidos e águas residuárias diretamente no solo por mais de três décadas, contaminando uma área de 1,5 km2. A despeito das incertezas que cercam e que prejudicam a plena compreensão de um processo de bioremediação de um solo contaminado, esta pesquisa avalia a influência do pH inicial e da adição de inoculo e nutrientes sobre a eficiência de remoção de chumbo (Pb) e zinco (Zn) de um latossolo vermelho, submetido à biolixiviação com Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans e Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. Este solo apresenta elevados teores de óxidos de ferro (8,3 %) e alumínio (16,8 %), argila (57 %), chumbo (717 mg/kg) e zinco (181 mg/kg). Os experimentos foram conduzidos em reatores em batelada, monitorados durante 30 dias e resultaram na solubilização de até 3,6 mgPb/L e 50,0 mgZn/L. Constatou-se que para este solo e sob as condições experimentais utilizadas, não foi necessária a redução inicial do pH; a solubilização do chumbo foi inexpressiva, provavelmente, devido à sua precipitação na forma de PbSO4; a do zinco decorreu, principalmente, da liberação de íons H+, produzidos durante a dissociação dos nutrientes, em particular o FeSO4, que promoveram a acidificação do meio. Embora a lixiviação química tenha sido o principal mecanismo de solubilização do zinco, a biolixiviação devido a Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans indígenas foi registrada e incrementou em até 17 % a lixiviação deste elemento, a partir do décimo dia de experimentação.
Title in English
Soil remediation with heavy metals using Acidithiobacillus sp.
Keywords in English
Contamination
Leaching
Lead
Tropical soil
Zinc
Abstract in English
The "Lake Region" of Santa Gertrudes is one of several contaminated sites with heavy metals in São Paulo State, Brazil. As in other regions of this country, in the 1970's the ceramic industries of Santa Gertrudes disposed their solid wastes and wastewaters directly in soil and contaminated an area of 1.5 km2. Biological solubilization of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) from soil of the Lake Region was tested in batch reactors. The biological process used the leaching capacity of Acidithiobacillus ferroxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. Tests were performed to determine the influence of initial pH, the percentage of inoculum and the addition of nutrients on the efficiency of removal of these metals. The soil contained high concentration of iron oxides (8.3 %) and aluminum (16.8 %), clay (57 %), lead (717 mg/kg) and zinc (181 mg/kg). It was not necessary to reduce the initial pH of soil. Solubilization of lead (up to 3.6 mg/L) and zinc (up to 50 mg/L) was obtained, but the solubilization of Pb was low, probably because the element was precipitated as PbSO4. The solubilization of zinc was strongly correlated with the release of H+ ions produced from nutrient dissociation, particularly FeSO4, which promoted the acidification of solution. Although chemical solubilization was the main mechanism of Zn removal, biological solubilization by indigenous Acidithiobacillus ferroxidans was detected, reaching up to 17 % of the total element leached after 10 days of testing.
 
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Publishing Date
2007-08-17
 
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