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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.3.2008.tde-01102008-114438
Document
Author
Full name
Nelma Elisa Farias Kunrath Albanez
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Valenzuela Díaz, Francisco Rolando (President)
Büchler, Pedro Maurício
Cosin, Shirley
Dweck, Jo
Pinto, Carolina Afonso
Title in Portuguese
Preparação e caracterização de nanocompósitos preparados com argilas esmectitas (bentonita), amido e sacarose.
Keywords in Portuguese
Argilas (características; aplicações)
Argilas (tratamento químico)
Abstract in Portuguese
A necessidade de materiais modernos, isto é, com características diferenciadas, é cada vez maior e tornou muito grande a pesquisa por novos materiais. Nos últimos anos materiais carbonáceos têm sido utilizados na sorção em estações de tratamento de águas residuais. A desvantagem apresentada por esses materiais é o seu alto custo. Para a obtenção dos nanocompósitos, utilizaram-se materiais de baixo custo: argila chocolate proveniente do Estado da Paraíba, Brasil, amido de milho e sacarose. Para diminuir o custo do carvão ativado estudaram-se compostos do mesmo com bentonita. As amostras foram tratadas termicamente a 110ºC, 350 ºC, 500ºC, 700ºC e 900ºC. Os materiais obtidos foram estudados por Difração de raios X - DRX, Análises Térmicas e microscopia eletrônica de varredura MEV. Foi avaliada a sua capacidade de sorção de azul de metileno. Obteve-se nanocompósitos para todas as concentrações de amido e para concentrações iniciais de 5% e 10% de sacarose. Os materiais que apresentaram melhor capacidade de sorção foram os formados pela argila e carvão ativado em pó. Percebeu-se, também, a influência da temperatura de secagem da argila. À medida que aumenta a temperatura, a capacidade de sorção diminui. Os valores de adsorção obtidos com as amostras contendo amido de milho foram em torno de 200mg/g de sorvente e, no caso do carvão ativado em torno de 400mg/g, mas os materiais derivados de amido podem apresentar potencial de uso devido ao baixo custo do amido com relação ao carvão ativo.
Title in English
Preparation and characterization of nanocompomposites prepared with smectitic clay (bentonite), starch and sucrose.
Keywords in English
Activated carbon
Bentonites
Clays
Starch
Sucrose
Abstract in English
The need of modern materials, that is, with differentiated characteristics, is bigger every time and it turned very big the research for new materials. In the recent years carbonaceous material has been used to sorption action in sorption stations in wastewater treatment plant. The disadvantage presented by those materials is its high cost. For the attainment of the nanocomposite, they had been used low cost material: clay chocolate from the State of the Paraíba, Brazil, corn starch and sucrose. To decrease the cost of the activated coal they were studied composites of the same with bentonite. Samples had been thermally treated by 110ºC, 350 ºC, 500ºC, 700ºC and 900ºC. The gotten materials had been studied by X Ray Difraction - DRX, Thermal Analyses and scanning electronic microscopy - MEV. It was assessed for its ability to sorption of methylene blue. It was obtained nanocomposite for all the concentrations of starch and for initial concentrations of 5% and 10% of sucrose. The materials that presented better sorption capacity were formed them by the clay and powdered activated coal. It was noticed, too, the influence of temperature for drying the clay. As the temperature increases, the ability to sorption decreases. The adsorption values obtained with the samples contend corn starch they were about of 200 mg/g of sorptive and, in the case of the coal activated about of 400 mg/g, but the derived materials of starch can present potential of use due to the low cost of the starch with relationship to the active coal.
 
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Publishing Date
2008-10-08
 
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