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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.27.2021.tde-23082021-225137
Document
Author
Full name
Lygia Pereira dos Santos Costa
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Rosa, Almir Antonio (President)
Borges, Rosane da Silva
Souza, Edileuza Penha de
Title in Portuguese
Direções do olhar: um estudo sobre as poéticas e técnicas de diretoras negras do cinema brasileiro
Keywords in Portuguese
Cinema Negro Brasileiro
Diretoras Negras
Imagens
Mulheres Negras
Olhares Negros
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar de que forma os olhares cinematográficos de Viviane Ferreira, Everlane Moraes, Glenda Nicácio e Renata Martins, diretoras negras do cinema brasileiro, inscrevem-se no jogo da política que nos organiza enquanto corpo social. A partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas e da análise (numa perspectiva estética, formal e histórica) de nove filmes dirigidos por elas, observamos que, para pensar o audiovisual proposto por essas criadoras é necessária a construção de uma gramática visual, onde caibam as afrofabulações, presenças, perspectivas éticas e outros elementos poéticos e técnicos, ancorados no paradigma epistemológico afro-brasileiro, e que muitas vezes vão além do que o olho - humano ou maquínico - consegue ver. Como resultado surgem narrativas que expandem as noções de realidade, de liberdade e de possibilidades de existência. No mundo ocidental, a visão foi consagrada como sentido privilegiado e as imagens técnicas (criadas pela fotografia, cinema, televisão, entre outros) alteraram significativamente as relações interpessoais, assim como a forma como vemos e somos vistos. As imagens passaram a ter uma dimensão política e a inscreverem imaginários, valores, signos e comportamentos. Ao longo da história do audiovisual, em países da diáspora africana, observa-se um fator em comum: a ausência de experiências de mulheres negras e/ou o uso recorrente de estereótipos em torno delas. No Brasil, tanto nas produções audiovisuais, quanto nas reflexões teóricas, há um processo de desumanização dos sujeitos negros e de apagamento das nossas múltiplas formas de viver. Entretanto, frente a estrutura social racista, surgem diretoras, roteiristas, e outras profissionais negras no audiovisual que desafiam essas imagens, e que têm buscado construir uma nova cinematografia, onde a multiplicidade e complexidade da experiência negra toma as telas.
Title in English
Directions of the gaze: study on the poetics and techniques of black women directors of Brazilian cinema.
Keywords in English
Black Brazilian Cinema
Black Looks, Images
Black Women
Black Women Directors
Abstract in English
This research aims to analyze how the cinematic gazes of Viviane Ferreira, Everlane Moraes, Glenda Nicácio and Renata Martins, black women directors of Brazilian cinema, are part of the game of politics that organizes us as a society. From semi-structured interviews and the analysis (in an aesthetic, formal and historic al perspective) of nine films directed by them, we observe that, in order to think about the audiovisual proposed by these creators, it is necessary to build a visual grammar, where the afrofabulations, presences, ethical perspectives and other poetic and technical elements can fit. They are anchored in the Afro-Brazilian epistemological paradigm, and many times go beyond what the eye - human or mechanic - can see. As a result, narratives arise that expand the notions of reality, freedom and possibilities of existence. In the Western world, vision was consecrated as the privileged sense, and technical images (created by photography, cinema, television, among others) significantly changed interpersonal relationships, as well as the way we see and are seen. The images started to have a political dimension and to create values, signs and behaviors. Throughout the history of audiovisual, countries of the African diaspora show a common factor: the absence of experiences of black women and/or the recurrent use of stereotypes around them. In Brazil, both in audiovisual productions and in theoretical reflections, there is a process of dehumanizing black subjects and erasing our multiple ways of living. However, facing the racist social structure, directors, screenwriters, and other black women in audiovisual appear to challenge these images and to build a new cinematography, where the multiplicity and complexity of the black experience takes over the screens.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-08-27
 
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