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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.25.2019.tde-04102021-101252
Document
Author
Full name
Marianny Arthur Martínez
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Bauru, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Damante, Carla Andreotti (President)
Greghi, Mônica Perri Kohl
Macarini, Valmir Campos
Rezende, Maria Lucia Rubo de
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da qualidade de vida dos pacientes submetidos a tratamentos periodontais
Keywords in Portuguese
Periodontia
Qualidade de vida
Saúde bucal
Abstract in Portuguese
A qualidade de vida é considerada uma sensação íntima de conforto, bem-estar ou felicidade no desempenho das funções físicas, intelectuais e psíquicas, que se inserem na realidade familiar, no trabalho e nos valores da comunidade à qual pertence o indivíduo. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e comparar o nível de autopercepção de qualidade de vida relacionada a condição de saúde periodontal em pacientes sistemicamente saudáveis e diabéticos tipo 1, na terapia de raspagem e alisamento corono- radicular, e pacientes sem comprometimento sistêmico na terapia periodontal cirúrgica, durante e após o tratamento, na terapia de manutenção periodontal. Foram aplicados dois questionários de autopercepção da qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde bucal, o Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) e Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP14), sendo que esses índices propiciam a avaliação mais completa do impacto da doença e tratamento na vida cotidiana dos pacientes. Tais questionários foram aplicados em três períodos: inicial, 3 e 6 meses. As análises estatísticas foram constituídas de somatórias, porcentagens e medias, de acordo com o teste de normalidade Kolmogorov-Smirnov para a comparação e analises foram utilizados os testes não paramétricos de Kruskal Wallis e Friedman em todas as variáveis, sendo o teste de Mann-Whitney empregado para comparar as diferenças entre os gêneros, com significância de 5%. A amostra foi composta de 35 pacientes com uma média de idade de 46,3 anos, 60% mulheres e 40% homens. Dessa amostra, 10 pacientes não possuíam doença sistêmica (RACR) e 11 pacientes com diabetes tipo 1 (RACRD) receberam o tratamento de raspagem e alisamento corono-radicular, outros 14 pacientes sem doença sistêmica que receberam tratamento periodontal cirúrgico regenerativo (CIR) em lesões de furca classe II. O índice OHIP-14 no total das dimensões foi alto com tendência a diminuir, (RACR) 25,6%, 17,1%, e 16,7%; (RACRD) 19,3%, 14,3% e 10,7% e grupo (CIR) 27,5%, 15,9%, e 13,0%. O índice GOHAI foi baixo com tendência a aumentar nas médias totais e de igual forma nos domínios (RACR) 21,4%, 23,2% e 24,1%; (RACRD) 25,3%, 27,7% e 27,5%; mas no grupo (CIR) teve uma diminuição nas porcentagens 23,3%, 22,4% e 21,7%. O estudo mostra que esses indivíduos apresentaram uma melhora na autopercepção de saúde bucal independentemente da terapia periodontal aplicada. Conclui-se que, questionários são instrumentos úteis que contribuem em uma melhor orientação de estratégia no planejamento e promoção da saúde bucal, com o intuito de aumentar a qualidade de vida do paciente, sendo que este aumento pode ser visualizado com a melhora no tratamento periodontal.
Title in English
Quality of life assessment of patients undergoing periodontal treatments
Keywords in English
Oral health
Periodontics
Quality of life
Abstract in English
Quality of life is considered an intimate feeling of comfort, well-being or happiness in the performance of physical, intellectual and physical functions, which are part of the family reality, work and values of the community to which the individual belongs. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the level of self-perception of quality of life related to periodontal health condition in systemically healthy and type 1 diabetic patients, in scraping and coronary smoothing therapy (RACR), and patients without systemic impairment in surgical periodontal therapy (CIR), during and after treatment in periodontal maintenance therapy. Two self-perceived oral health-related quality of life questionnaires were administered, the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP14). These indices provide a more complete assessment of the impact of the disease and treatment on patients' daily life. These questionnaires were applied in three periods: initial, 3 and 6 months. Statistical analyzes consisted on summation, percentages and means, according to the normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) for comparison and analyzes were used the nonparametric Kruskal Wallis and Friedman tests in all variables, being the Mann- Whitney test used to compare differences between genders, with significance of 5%. The sample consisted of 35 patients with a mean age of 46.3 years, 60% women and 40% male. Of this sample, 10 patients had no systemic disease and 11 patients with type 1 diabetes received RACR-RACRD treatment, 14 other patients without systemic disease who received regenerative surgical periodontal treatment in class II furcation lesions CIR. The index OHIP-14 in the total of dimensions was high with a tendency to decrease, (RACR) 25.6%, 17.1%, 16.7%; (RACRD) 19.3%,14.3%, 10.7% and group (CIR) 27.5%, 15.9%, 13.0%. The index GOHAI was low with a tendency to increase in the total averages and equally in the domains (RACR) 21.4%, 23.2%, 24.1%; (RACRD) 25,3%, 27,7%, 27,5%; but in the (CIR) group there was a decrease 23,3%, 22,4%, 21,7%. The study shows that these individuals showed an improvement in oral health self-perception regardless of the periodontal therapy applied. It is concluded that questionnaires are useful tools that contribute to a better strategy orientation in the planning and promotion of oral health, aiming to increase the patient's quality of life, and this increase can be visualized with the improvement in periodontal treatment.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-10-04
 
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