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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.25.2022.tde-20042022-103218
Document
Author
Full name
Mariela Peralta Mamani
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Bauru, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Bullen, Izabel Regina Fischer Rubira de (President)
Santiago Junior, Joel Ferreira
Sarmento, Viviane Almeida
Soares, Mariana Quirino Silveira
Title in Portuguese
Proximidade anatômica entre o terceiro molar e o canal mandibular: estudo em tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico
Keywords in Portuguese
Diagnóstico por imagem
Mandíbula
Terceiro molar
Tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo foi avaliar a relação dos terceiros molares inferiores (3MI) com o canal mandibular (CM) por meio da Tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) e reconstrução panorâmica (RPAN) simulando radiografias panorâmicas convencionais (15mm), e determinar a confiabilidade dos sinais radiográficos preditivos de proximidade entre 3MI e CM. Foram incluídos 300 3MIs de 200 pacientes (83 homens e 117 mulheres, idade média 33,98±15,067 anos). As TCFCs foram selecionadas de dois bancos de imagens (Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru e Universidade de Barcelona), incluindo exames sem artefatos, sem lesões adjacentes, raízes do 3MI totalmente formadas, com algum sinal radiográfico preditivo e presença do segundo molar adjacente. Os tomógrafos foram: o i-CAT Classic® e Planmeca ProMax® 3D Mid ProFace. Inicialmente foi realizado a reformatação panorâmica (15 mm), simulando uma panorâmica convencional. Os 3MI foram classificados de acordo com o grau de erupção, número de raízes, angulação, profundidade e relação ao ramo mandibular. Na RPAN, avaliou-se a relação vertical (superior, médio, inferior) e sinais radiográficos preditivos de proximidade entre 3MI e CM (interrupção do CM, escurecimento da raiz, desvio do CM, desvio da raiz, estreitamento do CM, estreitamento das raízes, mais de um sinal). Na TCFC, avaliou-se a posição do CM/ápice 3MI (inferior, vestibular, lingual, Interradicular), íntimo contato entre 3MI/CM, e distância entre 3MI/CM (escore 0-íntimo contato; 1 <1mm; 2 de 1-2mm; 3 de 2-3mm). Na confiabilidade dos sinais radiográficos preditivos, as reconstruções multiplanares foram considerados padrão ouro. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e de porcentagem. A análise estatística qui-quadrado verificou uma possível associação entre as variáveis (software Statistica 10.0; p<0,05). A maioria de 3MI tinham 2 raízes (94,67%), 47,33% eram não irrompidos, com angulação vertical (48,33%) e mesioangular (33,67%). A profundidade mais frequente foram a B (48,33%) e A (45%). Na relação com o ramo, as classes II (65%) e I (34%) foram mais frequentes. Na avaliação da relação vertical, a superior foi a mais encontrada (38,67%). Os sinais radiográficos preditivos mais frequentes foram interrupção do CM (51,67%), mais de um sinal (24%) e escurecimento da raiz (14%). Na posição do CM, a inferior foi mais frequente (35,67%), seguido da vestibular (33,33%), lingual (23,67%) e interradicular (7,33%). 3MI teve íntimo contato (escore 0) com o CM em 82,33%, seguido do escore 1 (9%) e escore 2 (8,33%). Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre sinais radiográficos preditivos (RPAN) e posição do CM (TCFC) (p=0,000), íntimo contato entre 3MI/CM (p=0,027) e distância entre ambas estruturas (p=0,042). Os sinais radiográficos mais confiáveis foram estreitamento do CM (100%), desvio do CM (100%), mais de um sinal radiográfico (91,7%), escurecimento da raiz (88,1%) e interrupção do CM (78,7%). Assim, existe relação entre sinais radiográficos preditivos e a posição do CM, íntimo contato e distância entre 3MI/CM. Na presença de algum sinal radiográfico preditivo, existe alta probabilidade de íntimo contato entre o 3MI e CM. Os sinais mais confiáveis são aqueles associados com o contorno e trajeto do CM, mais de um sinal radiográfico e escurecimento da raiz, indicando que a TCFC pode ser necessária para realizar um planejamento pré-cirúrgico do 3MI
Title in English
Anatomical proximity between the third molar and the mandibular canal: study in cone-beam computed tomography
Keywords in English
Cone-beam computed tomography
Diagnostic Imaging.
Mandible
Third molar
Abstract in English
The objective was to evaluate the relationship of the lower third molars (LTM) with the mandibular canal (MC) through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and panoramic reconstruction (PANR) simulating conventional panoramic radiographs (15 mm) and to determine the reliability of the predictive radiographic signals of proximity between 3MI and CM. 300 LTM from 200 patients (83 men and 117 women, mean age 33.98±15.067 years) were included. CBCT was selected from two image galleries (Bauru School of Dentistry and the University of Barcelona), including exams without artifacts, without adjacent lesions, fully formed 3MI roots with some predictive radiographic sign, and presence of adjacent second molar. The CBCT scanners were i-CAT Classic® and Planmeca ProMax® 3D Mid ProFace. Initially, a panoramic reconstruction (15 mm) was performed, simulating a panoramic radiograph. The LTM was classified according to the degree of eruption, number of roots, angle, depth and relation to the mandible ramus. In PANR, the vertical relationship (upper, middle, lower) and radiographic signals predictive of proximity between LTM and MC were evaluated (MC interruption, root darkening, MC deviation, root deviation, MC narrowing, root narrowing, more than one sign). In the CBCT, the position of the MC/apex LTM (inferior, buccal, lingual, Interradicular), intimate contact between LTM/MC, and distance between LTM/MC (score 0: intimate contact; 1 <1mm; 2: 1-2mm; 3: 2-3mm) were evaluated. In the reliability of predictive radiographic signals, multiplanar reconstructions were considered the gold standard. Descriptive and percentage analyzes were performed. The chi-square statistical analysis verified the possible association between the variables (Statistica 10.0 software; p<0.05). Most LTM had 2 roots (94.67%), 47.33% were unerupted, with vertical (48.33%) and mesioangular (33.67%) angulation. The most frequent depths were B (48.33%) and A (45%). Furthermore, classes II (65%) and I (34%) were more frequent. In a vertical relationship, the superior was the most found (38.67%). The most frequent radiographic predictive signs were MC interruption (51.67%), more than one sign (24%), and root darkening (14%). In the MC position, the lower one was more frequent (35.67%), followed by the buccal (33.33%), lingual (23.67%), and interradicular (7.33%). LTM had intimate contact (score 0) with the MC in 82.33%, followed by score 1 (9%), and score 2 (8.33%). There was a statistically significant association between predictive radiographic signals (PANR) and MC position (CBCT) (p=0.000), intimate contact between LTM/MC (p=0.027) and distance between both structures (p=0.042). The most reliable radiographic signs were MC narrowing (100%), MC deviation (100%), more than one radiographic sign (91.7%), root darkening (88.1%), and MC interruption (78, 7%). Thus, there is a relationship between predictive radiographic signals and the position of the MC, intimate contact, and distance between LTM/MC. In the presence of any predictive radiographic signal, there is a high probability of intimate contact between the LTM and MC. The most reliable signs are those associated with contour and course of the MC, more than one radiographic sign, and root darkening, indicating that CBCT may be needed to perform pre-surgical planning for LTM
 
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Publishing Date
2022-04-27
 
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