Comparou-se pacientes diabéticos tipo 1 com pacientes controles saudáveis, para avaliar as condições periodontais e da mucosa, identificar, qualificar e inter-relacionar, com o nível glicêmico do diabético, a presença de leveduras na gengiva e na saliva, através de: teste de hemoglobina glicosilada, índice de placa, índice gengival, índice de sangramento gengival, o nível de inserção, a profundidade de sondagem, exame radiográfico, inspeção da mucosa, teste de fluxo salivar e exame microbiológico. As diferenças não foram significantes quanto às condições periodontais e de mucosa, entre os pacientes, nem quanto à prevalência de leveduras entre os locais amostrados, exceto que os pacientes diabéticos mais velhos apresentaram nível de inserção clínica 77% maior que os mais jovens e o dobro de leveduras que os demais grupos. A C. albicans foi a levedura mais freqüente. Concluiu-se que houve uma leve tendência dos pacientes diabéticos apresentarem uma susceptibilidade aumentada à doença periodontal e maior frequência de leveduras, não podendo generalizar e estender os resultados de uma população tão pequena, sugerindo que se avalie uma população maior.

This work assessed (a) the differences of periodontal and soft tissue conditions, between diabetics type 1 patients, (b) the prevalence and comparison of yeast in gingival and saliva, (c) possible association between yeast with glycaemic conditions of the diabetic patients. Twenty-four patients were subdivided in 3 groups: diabetic subjects aging from 13 to 19 years (A) and aging from 20 or more years (B) and healthy controls (C) with periodontal diseases, aging from 20 or more years. There were performed the hemoglobin glycated test, radiological examination, anamnestic information, periodontal and soft tissues condition, salivary flow and microbiological analysis of the gingival and saliva; the plaque index, gingival index, bleeding sulcular index, clinical attachment level and probing depth were recorded. There were no significant differences in relation to the periodontal and mucosa conditions between diabetic patients, exception was to group B that showed 77% more attachment loss than group A. The results showed no significant differences in the prevalence of yeast, however there were twice more numbers of yeast in group B. C. albicans was the most frequent detected yeast. Although data from this study were not significant, a slightly tendency to a high prevalence of yeast and an increased susceptibility to periodontal diseases in diabetic population were shown. So, it would be prudent to elucidate in a greater population.