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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.25.2011.tde-18012012-105831
Document
Author
Full name
Marta da Cunha Lima
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Bauru, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Carlos Ferreira dos (President)
Akashi, Ana Eliza
Amaral, Sandra Lia do
Damante, Jose Humberto
Valarelli, Thais Marchini de Oliveira
Title in Portuguese
O sistema renina-angiotensina na doença periodontal induzida experimentalmente em ratos
Keywords in Portuguese
Doença periodontal
Inflamação
Sistema renina-angiotensina
Abstract in Portuguese
A doença periodontal (DP) compreende um grupo de lesões que afetam os tecidos periodontais de proteção (gengivite) e suporte (periodontite), envolvendo a participação de células residentes, células estruturais e mediadores inflamatórios. Pesquisa recente do nosso laboratório mostrou a existência de um Sistema Renina-Angiotensina (SRA) local no tecido gengival de ratos e sugeriu que o SRA possa ter participação na DP. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a se o SRA está envolvido na iniciação e na progressão da DP induzida experimentalmente em ratos. Para tanto, foi utilizado modelo de indução da DP por colocação de ligadura, por 7 e 14 dias, ao redor do primeiro molar inferior de ratos e tratamento destes animais com drogas que afetam o SRA [losartan (50 mg/Kg/dia), alisquireno (30 mg/Kg/dia) ou enalapril (10 mg/Kg/dia)]. Foram realizadas técnicas de análise da perda óssea alveolar, reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) quantitativa e imunoistoquímica. Após a coleta, os dados foram devidamente analisados por meio de gráficos e tabelas, sendo utilizada ANOVA a 2 e 3 critérios e adotado nível de significância de 5%. Em nível protéico, houve aumento significativo da maioria dos componentes do SRA (p<0,05) na DP. A renina apresentou aumento nos tratamentos com losartan, alisquireno e enalapril tanto nos animais sham (cirurgia fictícia de indução da DP) quanto nos animais com DP, aos 7 e 14 dias, e não apresentou marcação no grupo controle (água), demonstrando efeito dependente dos tratamentos farmacológicos. Na DP houve aumento dos componentes AT1 (aos 7 e 14 dias), AT2 (aos 7 dias) e enzima conversora da angiotensina (ECA; aos 7 e 14 dias) nos grupos tratados com losartan, alisquireno e enalapril. Também houve aumento de imunomarcação nos animais com DP para AT2 (aos 14 dias) e ECA (aos 14 dias) em animais do grupo controle. Em relação à expressão gênica, houve aumento da expressão de RNAm nos animais com DP para o receptor AT2 no grupo controle (aos 7 e 14 dias), e nos animais tratados com losartan ou enalapril (aos 7 dias). Houve aumento da expressão de RNAm para a ECA nos animais com DP tratados com losartan e enalapril (aos 7 dias), e controle (aos 14 dias). O tratamento por 14 dias com as drogas losartan ou alisquireno, mas não com enalapril, foi capaz de diminuir significativamente a perda óssea alveolar (p<0,05). Portanto, pode-se concluir que o SRA está envolvido na iniciação e na progressão da DP induzida experimentalmente em ratos.
Title in English
The renin-angiotensin system in experimentally-induced periodontal disease in rats
Keywords in English
Inflammation
Periodontal disease
Renin-angiotensin system
Abstract in English
Periodontal disease (PD) comprises a group of lesions that affect protection (gingivitis) and support periodontal tissues (periodontitis) involving the participation of resident and structural cells as well as inflammatory mediators. Recent research in our laboratory showed the existence of a local gingival renin-angiotensin system (RAS), and suggested that it might participate in PD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the RAS is involved in the initiation and progression of the experimentally-induced PD in rats. For this purpose, a model of ligature placement, for 7 and 14 days, around the lower first molar in rats, and the treatment of such animals with drugs that affect the RAS [losartan (50 mg/Kg/day), aliskiren (30 mg/Kg/day) or enalapril (10 mg/Kg/day)] were employed. The following techniques were performed: alveolar bone loss analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Data were collected, organized in tables and graphs, and submitted to 2 and 3 way ANOVA with significance level established at 5%. In the protein level, there was a significant increase in the majority of the RAS components in PD. Immunolocalization for renin increased when animals were treated with losartan, aliskiren or enalapril, for 7 and 14 days, in both sham (fictitious surgery for PD induction) and PD animals, whereas the control group (water) had no staining, demonstrating a drug-related effect. In animals with PD treated with losartan, aliskiren or enalapril there was an increase in staining for AT1 (at 7 and 14 days), AT2 (at 7 days) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE; at 7 and 14 days). There was also increased staining in PD animals for AT2 (at 14 days) and ACE (at 14 days) in the control group. As far as genic expression, there was an increase in mRNA expression for AT2 in control animals with PD (at 7 and 14 days), and in the animals treated with losartan or enalapril (at 7 days). There was an increase in mRNA for ACE in animals with PD treated with losartan or enalapril (at 7 days) as well as control rats (at 14 days). Treatment for 14 days with losartan or aliskiren, but not enalapril, significantly decreased alveolar bone loss (p<0.05). Therefore, one can conclude that the RAS is involved in the initiation and progression of the experimentally-induced PD in rats.
 
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MartaCunhaLima_Rev.pdf (29.78 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2012-01-19
 
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