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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.23.2019.tde-09072020-113128
Document
Author
Full name
Luciane Franco Kraul
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Eduardo, Carlos de Paula (President)
Azevedo, Luciane Hiramatsu
Foroni, Luciano Henrique Lopes
Pinto, Fernando Campos Gomes
Title in Portuguese
Análise facial digital de pacientes com paralisia facial, após laserterapia e aplicação de toxina botulínica: estudo triplo-cego, randomizado, placebo controlado
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise Facial Digital
Fotobiomodulação
Paralisia Facial Periférica
Toxina Botulínica
Abstract in Portuguese
As paralisias faciais (PF) podem ser basicamente ocasionadas por fatores imunes, traumáticos (incluindo iatrogênicos), infecciosos e isquêmicos. O tratamento pode variar entre medicamentoso, cirúrgico ou através de reabilitação (laserterapia, fisioterapia, acupuntura, fonoterapia). A conduta varia em função do tempo de lesão, da etiologia, do grau de comprometimento e do tipo de PF. A Laserterapia de baixa potência (LBP), através do aumento do potencial de ação na célula, tem mostrado efeitos promissores no restabelecimento de tecidos nervosos. Embora a medicina esteja em constante avanço, os pacientes com PF podem apresentar sequelas, com comprometimento da mímica, da simetria facial, da integridade da córnea e, não menos importante, da saúde psíquica e social desses indivíduos. A toxina botulínica (TB) pode ser empregada para controlar hiperfunções musculares, trazendo uma grande melhora das alterações musculares em questão, e por conseguinte qualidade de vida para o paciente. A Análise Facial Digital (AFD), um tipo de avaliação facial derivada do Digital Smile Design é um protocolo amplo de conceitos e ferramentas utilizados para análise da face e do sorriso, e pode ser empregado para registrar e quantificar as assimetrias referidas. O estudo foi triplo-cego randomizado, placebo controlado, com análise quantitativa e qualitativa de melhora. O objetivo do estudo, foi mensurar a recuperação de assimetrias faciais, visualizadas através da AFD, após tratamento com LBP na hemiface paralisada e TB na hemiface com hiperfunção muscular e/ou espasmo. Foi utilizado 3J de 660nm simultaneamente a 3J de 808nm, com 33,33 J/cm2 de densidade de energia por ponto, em modo contínuo, em contato, por 20 sessões. A TB foi utilizada nos pacientes que ao final do laser, ainda apresentavam assimetrias. Tanto a LBP (P<0,001), quanto a TB foram eficazes na redução da assimetria. Na análise qualitativa (p<0,001), os pacientes relataram melhora na assimetria, dor e sincinesia.
Title in English
Analysis of the Facial Palsy recovery through Digital Facial Analysis measurement, after photobiomodulation and botulinum toxin injections. A triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
Keywords in English
Botulinum Toxin
Digital Facial Analysis
Peripheral Facial Paralysis
Photobiomodulation
Abstract in English
Facial paralysis (FP) can be primarily caused by immune, traumatic (including iatrogenic), infectious and ischemic factors. Treatment may vary from medication, surgery or rehabilitation (laser therapy, physical therapy, acupuncture). The conduct depends on the time of injury, etiology, degree of impairment and type of FP. Lowpower laser therapy (LLT), by increasing the action potential in the cell, has shown promising effects on nerve tissue rehabilitation. Although medicine is constantly advancing, patients with FP may present sequelae, with facial asymmetry, corneal integrity and, not least, the psychic and social health of these individuals. Botulinum toxin (BT) can be used to control muscle hyperfunctions, bringing a major improvement, and therefore quality of life for the patient. Digital Facial Analysis (DFA), a type of facial assessment derived from Digital Smile Design is a broad protocol of concepts and tools used for face and smile analysis, and can be employed to record and quantify the asymmetries referred to. The study was a triple-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial with quantitative and qualitative improvement analysis. The objective of the study was to measure the recovery of facial asymmetries, visualized through DFA, after treatment with LLT in the paralyzed hemiface and BT in the hemiface with muscle hyperfunction and / or spasm. It was used 3J of 660nm simultaneously to 3J of 808nm, with 33.33 J/cm2 of energy density per point, in continuous mode, in contact, for 20 sessions. TB was used in patients who at the end of the laser still had asymmetries. Both LLT (P <0.001) and BT were effective in reducing asymmetry. In the qualitative analysis (p <0.001), patients reported improvement in asymmetry, pain and synkinesia.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-09-14
 
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