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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.23.2011.tde-15032012-165925
Document
Author
Full name
Ronald Vargas Orellana
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Pobocik, Andrea Mantesso (President)
Gidlund, Magnus Ake
Lotufo, Mônica Andrade
Ortega, Karem Lopez
Silva, Paulo Henrique Braz da
Title in Portuguese
Estudo dos fatores de risco para aterosclerose em pacientes HIV positivos que fazem uso de HAART e que apresentam doença periodontal
Keywords in Portuguese
AIDS
Aterosclerose
Doenças cardiovasculares
HAART
HIV
Periodontite
Abstract in Portuguese
A aterosclerose e suas doenças associadas constituem a principal causa de morte no Brasil. Aterosclerose é uma doença inflamatória crônica que atinge a parede das artérias causando bloqueio das mesmas o que eventualmente pode produzir infarto do miocárdio ou acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). A periodontite é uma enfermidade inflamatória causada pelos subprodutos tóxicos que as bactérias produzem quando se colonizam na placa bacteriana. Essa doença é comum em pacientes HIV positivos e o uso de terapia anti-retroviral altamente ativa (HAART) utilizada nesses pacientes ocasiona efeitos adversos, como a lipodistrofia, fato este que pode apressar o ciclo da aterogênese. Assim, existe uma relação entre a presença da aterosclerose e da doença periodontal em pacientes HIV positivos. No entanto, essa relação é pouco estudada na literatura e é o objetivo desse estudo que avaliou 31 pacientes portadores do HIV com diagnóstico de periodontite crônica e 38 pacientes HIV positivos sem periodontite. Ambos os grupos utilizavam a HAART. Nesses pacientes foi avaliado o perfil lipídico (colesterol total, HDL-C, triglicérides, LDL-C), a expressão de anticorpos anti-oxLDL, as concentrações de citocinas séricas (TNF-, IL-1, IL-6 e IL-10) e os dados do hemograma completo, antes e 12 meses após o tratamento periodontal. Os resultados indicaram que os indivíduos com periodontite crônica quando comparados com o grupo controle apresentam níveis plasmáticos aumentados de leucócitos e neutrófilos; e após o tratamento periodontal, as concentrações plasmáticas de TNF-, IL-1 e IgG diminuíram. Assim, vimos que alguns dos marcadores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares diminuem após um plano de reabilitação oral visando o tratamento da doença periodontal em pacientes HIV positivos. Conseqüentemente, sugerimos que a periodontite pode ser um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da aterosclerose nesses pacientes.
Title in English
Study of risk factors for atherosclerosis in HIV positive patients who use HAART with periodontal disease
Keywords in English
AIDS
Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular diseases
HAART
HIV
Periodontitis
Abstract in English
Atherosclerosis and its associated diseases are the leading cause of death in Brazil. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the wall of the arteries causing blockage that eventually leads to myocardial infarction or stroke. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by toxic byproducts produced by bacteria that colonize the oral plaque. HIV positive patients commonly present periodontal diseases and the highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) used in these patients lead to side effects such as lipodystrophy which in turn, can speed up the cycle of atherogenesis. Therefore, there is an occult association between the presence of atherosclerosis and periodontal diseases in these patients. However, this correlation is rarely investigated in the literature and was the objective of this study that analysed 30 HIV positive patients with and 39 HIV positive patients without periodontal disease. All the participants were under HAART. Herein we analysed the lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, LDL-C), the expression of antioxLDL, concentrations of serum cytokines (TNF-, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10) and full blood test before and 12 months after periodontal treatment. The results showed that individuals with chronic periodontitis presented increased plasmatic levels of leukocytes and neutrophils and after the periodontal treatment, plasmatic levels of TNF-, IL-1 and IgG decreased. Thus, we showed that some of the risk markers for cardiovascular diseases decrease after oral rehabilitation aiming treatment of periodontal disease in HIV positive patients. Therefore, we suggest that periodontites can be a risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis in these patients.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-07-03
 
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