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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.22.2005.tde-20062005-164221
Document
Author
Full name
Lucio Jose Vieira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2005
Supervisor
Committee
Oliveira, Maria Helena Pessini de (President)
Carvalho, Maria das Gracas Bomfim de
Gomes, Romeu
Lefevre, Fernando
Pinto, Ione Carvalho
Title in Portuguese
"Reconstruindo a trajetória de mães de crianças que morreram por tétano neonatal em Minas Gerais"
Keywords in Portuguese
cuidado pré-natal
epidemiologia
fatores de risco
recém-nascido
tétano
vacinação
Abstract in Portuguese
Trata-se de uma pesquisa com o objetivo de compreender o adoecimento pelo tétano neonatal, a partir da análise da trajetória de um grupo de 19 mães de crianças que morreram em conseqüência da doença no período compreendido entre 1997 e 2002, em municípios do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para a análise, foram utilizadas Políticas de Assistência à Saúde da Mulher, Imunização e a Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Os dados foram obtidos em entrevistas semi-estruturadas e nos registros secundários do Cartão de Vacina e do Cartão da Gestante. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa, com enfoque nas representações sociais sobre a experiência da doença e o risco de adoecimento. Para a análise das entrevistas, utilizou-se o instrumento do discurso do sujeito coletivo. As mulheres, em sua maioria, são multíparas em idade fértil, desconhecem a doença e seus mecanismos de prevenção, embora relatem as principais manifestações clínicas do tétano neonatal associando-o ao mal-de-sete-dias. São evidentes as práticas de tratamento inadequado do coto umbilical utilizadas pelas mulheres, sedimentadas no risco potencial para a doença, a irregularidade do pré-natal, a ausência ou a administração de doses insuficientes de vacina para a proteção do tétano neonatal e do tétano acidental, e procedimentos pós-parto domiciliar impróprios utilizados pelas parteiras ou curiosas. Observou-se, pelas falas das mães, a presença da crendice sobre os cuidados com o coto umbilical e a falha dos serviços no processo de educação para a saúde. Urge implementar esforços estratégicos específicos, direcionados à vigilância epidemiológica, à capacitação de parteiras e aos profissionais de saúde, incrementar serviços de pré-natal e ampliar a cobertura vacinal para as mulheres, principalmente nas regiões de onde provêm os casos da pesquisa, contribuindo, assim, para a eliminação da doença.
Title in English
Rebuilding the experience of mothers of children who died due to neonatal tetanus in the state of Minas Gerais.2005. 139f. Doctoral Thesis – Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 2005.
Keywords in English
epidemiology
newborn
prenatal care
risk factors
tetanus
vaccination
Abstract in English
This research aimed to understand the illness caused by neonatal tetanus, based on the analysis of a group of 19 mothers’ histories involving children who died of the disease in communities located in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 1997 and 2002. The analysis was based on Women’s Health Care and Immunization Policies and the Family Health Strategy. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and secondary records from the Vaccination Card and the Pregnant Woman’s Card. A quantitative and qualitative methodology was adopted, focusing on the social representations about the disease experience and the risk of getting ill. The interviews were analyzed on the basis of collective subject discourse. Most women were of fertile age and multiparous and did not know about the disease and its prevention mechanisms, although they reported on the main clinical signs of neonatal tetanus, associating it with the “seven-day disease". This study revealed the women’s use of inadequate practices for treating the umbilical cord stump, based on the potential risk of catching the disease, irregular antenatal treatment, the absence or administration of insufficient doses of the vaccine to protect against neonatal and accidental tetanus, and inappropriate post-home delivery procedures used by midwifes. The mothers’ discourse revealed the presence of popular beliefs on care related to the umbilical cord stump and the services’ deficiency in the health education process. There is an urgent need to implement specific strategic efforts, aimed at epidemiological supervision, the training of midwifes and health professionals, and to increase prenatal services and expand vaccination coverage for women, mainly in the research cases’ regions of origin, thus contributing to the elimination of this disease.
 
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TeseTetanoNeonatal.pdf (925.68 Kbytes)
Publishing Date
2005-07-04
 
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