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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.22.2017.tde-17012017-160117
Document
Author
Full name
Fabrício Ribeiro de Campos
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Canini, Silvia Rita Marin da Silva (President)
Hayashida, Miyeko
Silva, Magda Fabbri Isaac
Title in Portuguese
Prevalência de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em pacientes adultos num hospital geral do interior paulista
Keywords in Portuguese
Complicações pós-operatórias
Infecção hospitalar
Prevalência
Procedimentos cirúrgicos operatórios
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: As Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência á Saúde (IRAS) são consideradas um problema de saúde pública com implicações sociais e econômicas graves que geram sobrecarga nas instituições de saúde, aumentando o período de internação e elevando consideravelmente a morbimortalidade em pacientes hospitalizados. A infecção do sítio cirúrgico (ISC) se constitui como uma das mais temidas complicações decorrentes dos procedimentos cirúrgicos No Brasil, são escassos os estudos epidemiológicos sobre as infecções em pacientes submetidos à procedimentos anestésico cirúrgico. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em pacientes adultos submetidos à cirurgia num hospital geral privado filantrópico, de nível terciário do interior paulista, segundo o potencial de contaminação da ferida operatória. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, com abordagem retrospectiva e quantitativa, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo. A população do estudo foi constituída 58 prontuários médicos de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia no referido hospital exceto nas especialidades de ortopedia e ginecologia, no período de janeiro de 2014 a dezembro de 2014 e que apresentaram infecção do sítio cirúrgico. Os dados foram coletados por meio de consulta aos prontuários e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva utilizando-se o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 17.0 para Windows. Resultados: A taxa global de infecção do sítio cirúrgico foi de 1,9% (57/3.064), as especialidades com maiores taxas foram a neurocirurgia (3,5%), seguida pela cirurgia geral (2,0%). Ao se analisar a taxa de infecção por potencial de contaminação, nas cirurgias limpas foi de 1,0%, nas potencialmente contaminadas 1,8%, nas contaminadas 5,4% e nas infectadas 7,2%. Nas cirurgias limpas a maior taxa foi na neurocirurgia, na potencialmente contaminada foi na cirurgia torácica, na contaminada e infectada foi na cirurgia geral. E ressalta-se que 46,6% tiveram infecção de órgão ou cavidade. Conclusão: O presente estudo permitiu identificar as taxas globais de infecção do sítio cirúrgico e também, por especialidades e por potencial de contaminação, dados esses que podem contribuir para o planejamento das ações de prevenção e controle de Infecção do sítio cirúrgico no referido hospital
Title in English
Prevalence of surgical site infection among adult patients in a general hospital in the interior of São Paulo
Keywords in English
Cross infection
Operative surgical procedures
Postoperative complications
Prevalence
Abstract in English
Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are considered to be a public health problem with serious social and economic implications that overload health institutions, extend hospital length of stay and considerably increase morbidity- mortality among hospitalized patients. Surgical site infections (SSI) are one of the most feared complications from surgical procedures. There are few epidemiological studies in Brazil on infections among patients submitted to anesthetic-surgical procedures. Objective: To identify the prevalence of surgical site infection among adult patients submitted to surgery in a tertiary philantropic private general hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo, according to the potential of contamination of the operative wound. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, using a retrospective and quantitative approach, approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, at the University of São Paulo. The study sample was made up of 58 medical records of patients submitted to surgery in this hospital, except for the orthopedics and gynecology specialties, from January to December 2014, who presented surgical site infection. Data were collected from the medical records and analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, version 17.0 for Windows. Results: Overall surgical site infection rate was 1.9% (57/3,064), and specialties with higher rates were neurosurgery (3.5%) and general surgery (2.0%). Regarding the infection rate by potential contamination, in clean surgeries it was 1.0%; in potentially contaminated surgeries, it was 1.8%; in contaminated surgeries, it was 5.4%; and in infected surgeries, it was 7.2%. Neurosurgery presented the highest rate in clean surgeries; thoracic surgery in potentially contaminated surgeries; whereas general surgery had the highest rate in contaminated and infected surgeries. It is worth highlighting that 46.6% reported organ or cavity infection. Conclusion: This study allowed to identify overall rates of surgical site infection, also by specialty and potential of contamination. These data can contribute to the planning of actions to prevent and control surgical site infection in the studied hospital
 
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Publishing Date
2017-02-06
 
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