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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.22.2009.tde-14092009-162836
Document
Author
Full name
Vanessa Castro de Souza e Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Andrade, Denise de (President)
Sonobe, Helena Megumi
Watanabe, Evandro
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação antimicrobiana de antissépticos bucais e antifúngicos sobre Candida spp. isoladas na saliva de pacientes oncológicos
Keywords in Portuguese
anti-sépticos bucais
antifúngicos
Candida
mucosite
neoplasias
saúde bucal
Abstract in Portuguese
A ocorrência de leveduras do gênero Candida spp. constitui uma ameaça a saúde bucal de pacientes oncológicos submetidos ao tratamento antineoplásico. Diante do exposto,objetivou-se no estudo avaliar as variáveis clínicas de pacientes oncológicos portadores ou não de Candida spp. na saliva; estimar a prevalência dessas cepas, avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana dos antissépticos bucais e, determinar o perfil de sensibilidade aos antifúngicos. Foram coletadas amostras de salivas de pacientes oncológicos, com e sem mucosite. A saliva foi submetida a diluição decimal seriada até 10-3 e semeada em meio de cultura (CHROMagarTM Candida) para quantificação das unidades formadoras de colônias por mililitro de saliva (UFC/mL). Também, realizaram-se provas bioquímicas específicas para identificação das espécies. Na avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana dos antissépticos bucais (Periogard®, Cepacol® Cool Ice e Clorexidina a 0,12%) utilizouse a Diluição Inibitória Máxima (DIM). O perfil de sensibilidade destas cepas a anfotericina B e fluconazol foi realizado pela Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) por meio das fitas Etest®. Na análise estatística utilizou-se os testes não paramétricos de McNemar e Wilcoxon, com nível de significância (=0,05). Totalizou-se 34 pacientes dos quais 79,4% eram masculinos e 19(55,9%) estavam com mucosite. Das amostras de saliva 9(26,5%) eram positivas para Candida spp.. Evidenciou-se 12 cepas distintas de Candida spp., sendo 7(20,6%) C. albicans, 3(8,8%) C. glabrata e 2(5,9%) C.tropicalis. A mucosite foi mais freqüente 66,7% nos portadores de Candida. Comparando os resultados da DIM foi possível verificar que o Cepacol® Cool Ice apresentou os melhores resultados. A Clorexidina a 0,12% teve a pior atividade, sendo que 4 (11,8%) das cepas não foram inibidas na diluição de 1:10. Com relação ao perfil de sensibilidade, todas cepas foram sensíveis a anfotericina B e 2 (5,9%) das cepas de Candida glabrata apresentaram sensibilidade dose dependente ao fluconazol. Pesquisas adicionais são necessárias sobre o uso de antissépticos na manutenção da saúde bucal desses pacientes, especialmente, considerando o elevado risco de mucosite.
Title in English
Antimicrobial assessment of mouthwashes and antifungals against Candida spp. isolated in the saliva of cancer patients.
Keywords in English
antifungal
Candida
mouthwashes
mucositis
neoplasms
oral health
Abstract in English
The occurrence of Candida spp. is a threat to the oral health of cancer patients undergoing antineoplastic treatment. This study described the clinical variables of cancer patients with or without Candida spp. in the saliva; determined the prevalence of these strains, and assessed mouthwashes antimicrobial activity and the sensitivity profile to antifungals. Saliva samples of cancer patients, with or without mucositis, were collected. Saliva was subject to serial decimal dilution up to 10-3 and sowed in culture (CHROMagarTM Candida) to quantify the number of colony forming units per milliliter of saliva (CFU/mL). Specific biochemical tests were also done to identify the species. The Maximum Inhibitory Dilution (MID) was used to assess the antimicrobial activity of the mouthwashes (Periogard®, Cepacol® Cool Ice and 0.12% Chlorhexidine). The sensitivity profile of the strains as to amphotericin B and fluconazole was done by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), using Etest® strips. Non-parametric McNemar and Wilcoxon tests were used for statistical analysis, with level of significance (= 0.05). Of the 34 patients, 79.4% were male and 19 (55.9%) had mucositis. 9(26.5%) tested positive for Candida spp. in the saliva. Regarding the diversity of species, the study evidenced 12 different strains of Candida spp., 7 (20.6%) C. albicans, 3(8.8%) C. glabrata and 2 (5.9%) C. tropicalis. Mucositis was more common in patients with Candida, 66.7%. Comparing the MID results, it was verified that Cepacol® Cool Ice presented better results than other products. The worst activity was presented by 0.12% Chlorhexidine, 4(11.8%) of the strains were not inhibited at 1:10 dilution. As to the sensitivity profile, all strains were sensitive to amphotericin B and 2 (5.9%) strains of Candida glabrata were Dose-Dependent Sensitive to fluconazole. Additional research is needed to broaden the scientific evidences of the use of antiseptics in the maintenance of these patients oral heath, especially considering the high risk of mucositis.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-09-17
 
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