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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.2.2019.tde-07082020-142944
Document
Author
Full name
Caio Augusto Takano
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Barreto, Paulo Ayres (President)
Andrade, José Maria Arruda de
Bianco, João Francisco
Rolim, Joao Dacio de Souza Pereira
Schoueri, Luis Eduardo
Vasconcellos, Roberto França de
Title in Portuguese
Limites às normas antielisivas específicas para a contenção da arbitragem fiscal internacional por intermédio de instrumentos híbridos no direito brasileiro
Keywords in Portuguese
Arbitragem fiscal internacional
Direito Tributário Internacional
Instrumentos financeiros híbridos
Normas específicas antielisivas
Regras anti-híbridos
Abstract in Portuguese
Nesta tese, defende-se que, não obstante as práticas de arbitragem fiscal internacional sejam lícitas, a exploração de assimetrias decorrentes do uso de instrumentos financeiros híbridos em dois ou mais ordenamentos jurídicos configura ato abusivo de poder econômico, gerador de uma situação anti-isonômica contrária à livre concorrência e, portanto, passível de contenção por normas específicas antielisivas. Sustenta-se, ainda, que as normas antielisivas anti-híbridos (linking rules) recomendadas no âmbito da Ação 2 do Projeto BEPS (Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) são incompatíveis com o sistema tributário brasileiro, por se valerem, de um lado, de presunções absolutas conflitantes com a ideia de tributação da renda em conformidade com a capacidade contributiva, e, de outro, de termos demasiado abertos e fluidos em seu antecedente normativo, que dão azo a indesejável subjetivismo e arbitrariedade às autoridades fiscais ou às cortes judiciais, contrários aos valores da certeza do direito, da segurança jurídica e da estrita legalidade, sobremodo prestigiados pelo nosso ordenamento jurídico. Por fim, após o exame das peculiaridades do sistema tributário brasileiro, bem como das relações de coordenação e de subordinação das normas jurídicas nele inseridas, apresentar-se-ão as modificações normativas necessárias à formulação das regras anti-híbridos, visando à sua adequada implementação no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, de forma coordenada com as regras antielisivas específicas domésticas e os acordos de bitributação vigentes.
Title in English
Limits to specific anti-avoidance rules to counter international tax arbitrage through hybrids instruments in Brazilian Law
Keywords in English
Hybrid financial instruments
International tax arbitrage
International Tax Law
Linking rules
Specific anti-avoidance rules
Abstract in English
In this thesis, the author argues that, despite the legality of international tax arbitrage practices, the exploitation of asymmetries that arise from the use of financial hybrid instruments in two or more legal systems constitute an abusive act of economic power that leads to an anti-isonomic and contrary to free competition situation. Therefore, such practices are liable to be tackled by specific anti-avoidance rules. It is also argued that the recommended anti-avoidance rules for hybrid instruments (linking rules) under Action 2 of the BEPS (Base Erosion and Profit Shifting) Project are not compatible with the Brazilian tax system as their application implies the use of a non-rebuttable legal presumption, which is not supported by the idea of income taxation in accordance with the ability-to-pay principle. On the other hand, such rules were formulated with broad and fluid terms, that may lead to undesirable subjectivism and arbitrariness of the tax administration or judicial courts, which are harmful to legal certainty, predictability and legality - undoubtedly prestigious values of our legal system. Finally, after examining the peculiarities of the Brazilian tax system as well as the relations of coordination and subordination of its legal norms, the author suggests the necessary modifications in the normative design of the linking rules in order to provide for appropriate conditions to their implementation in a coordinated manner with the domestic specific anti-avoidance rules and the existing double taxation conventions in the Brazilian legal framework.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-08-24
 
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