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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.2.2023.tde-04042023-180148
Document
Author
Full name
Leonardo Thomaz Pignatari
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Schoueri, Luis Eduardo (President)
Flavio Neto, Luis
Utumi, Ana Claudia Akie
Vettori, Gustavo Gonçalves
Title in Portuguese
O artigo 2o da Convenção-Modelo da OCDE e a tributação da economia digital
Keywords in Portuguese
Acordos para evitar a dupla tributação
Digital Services Taxes
Direito Tributário Internacional
Economia digital
Escopo objetivo
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente dissertação visa a examinar o escopo objetivo dos acordos de bitributação no contexto da economia digital, notadamente da eclosão dos chamados Digital Services Taxes. Nesse sentido, busca-se, por meio de uma análise jurídico-dogmática, compreender os limites objetivos existentes para acessar os tratados. Para tanto, toma-se como referencial o artigo 2º, da Convenção-Modelo da OCDE (CM-OCDE), cuja redação permanece praticamente intacta desde 1963, e os acordos de bitributação brasileiros cujo escopo objetivo apresenta particularidades interessantes. Essa análise também é suportada por uma incursão histórica nos documentos oficiais das organizações internacionais, tais como Liga das Nações/ONU e OECE/OCDE, e por um estudo da jurisprudência nacional e internacional. Dessa forma, no Capítulo 1, investiga-se o artigo 2º, CM-OCDE e seus quatro parágrafos, a fim de identificar as portas de acesso ao escopo objetivo dos tratados, com especial destaque para a compreensão dos conceitos de tributo e renda à luz dos tratados, e para a interpretação e a aplicação do chamado teste de similaridade substancial. Considerando as particularidades da rede brasileira, no Capítulo 2, verifica-se como os acordos de bitributação brasileiros delimitam seu escopo objetivo, e quais são os possíveis efeitos decorrentes de divergências em relação à CM-OCDE, apresentando, para tanto, exemplos práticos (CSL e CIDE-Remessas). No Capítulo 3, ingressa-se no mundo da tributação da economia digital, de modo a identificar quais países instituíram ou, ao menos, propuseram um Digital Services Tax, examinando, com mais detalhe, os principais modelos introduzidos ao redor do globo. Ao cabo, no Capítulo 4, investiga-se a natureza desses tributos e se eles estão cobertos pelos acordos de bitributação, tomando como referencial o artigo 2º, CM-OCDE, e os tratados brasileiros.
Title in English
Article 2 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and the Taxation of the Digital Economy
Keywords in English
Digital Economy
Digital Services Taxes
Double Taxation Conventions
International Tax Law
Objective Scope
Abstract in English
This dissertation aims to examine the objective scope of double taxation conventions in the context of the digital economy, notably the emergence of the Digital Services Taxes. In this sense, the present study seeks, through a legal-dogmatic analysis, to understand the existing objective limits to access tax treaties. For this purpose, Article 2 of the OECD Model Convention (OECD-MC), whose wording remains practically intact since 1963, and the Brazilian double taxation conventions, whose objective scope presents interesting particularities, are used as references. This analysis is also supported by a historical incursion into the official documents of international organizations, such as the League of Nations/UN and OEEC/OECD, and by a study of national and international jurisprudence. Thus, in Chapter 1, Article 2, OECD-MC and its four paragraphs are investigated to identify the gateways to the objective scope of tax treaties, with special emphasis on understanding the concepts of tax and income in the light of the treaties, and on the interpretation and application of the substantial similarity test. Considering the particularities of the Brazilian network, in Chapter 2, it is investigated how the Brazilian double taxation conventions establish their objective scope, and what are the possible effects resulting from divergences in relation to the OECD-MC, presenting, for this purpose, practical examples (CSL and CIDE-Remessas). In Chapter 3, this study dives into the world of taxation of the digital economy, in order to identify which countries have implemented or, at least, proposed a Digital Services Tax, examining, in more detail, the main models introduced around the globe. Finally, in Chapter 4, the nature of these taxes is investigated and whether they are covered by the double taxation conventions, taking article 2, OECD-MC, and the Brazilian treaties as a reference.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-07-12
 
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