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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.2.2020.tde-01052021-195544
Document
Author
Full name
José Rubens Plates
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Oliveira, Regis Fernandes de (President)
Bechara, Ana Elisa Liberatore Silva
Bonsaglia, Mario Luiz
Santos, Marcelo de Oliveira Fausto Figueiredo
Title in Portuguese
O financiamento e a gestão do sistema penitenciário brasileiro
Keywords in Portuguese
Financiamento -- Brasil
Políticas públicas -- Brasil
Sistema penitenciário -- Aspectos administrativos -- Aspectos financeiros -- Brasil
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta dissertação parte da abordagem federativa do sistema penitenciário brasileiro "federalismo penitenciário", adentrando ao campo das responsabilidades, dentre os diversos entes estatais, pelo custeio e a gestão do referido sistema. No segundo capítulo, abordam-se aspectos penais e fáticos do sistema penitenciário, avaliando a missão do Direito Penal e aspectos das penas, suas teorias, funções e a evolução histórica, perpassando pela humanização delas, e chegando nas Regras Mínimas da ONU para Tratamento dos Prisioneiros, de 2015 (Regras de Mandela). Após apontar características globais do aprisionamento, e em alguns países estrangeiros, chega-se ao sistema brasileiro, com as divulgações feitas por organismos nacionais e internacionais quanto ao estado caótico que se encontra nosso gerenciamento das pessoas privadas de liberdade, bem como as constantes violações de direitos humanos. No terceiro capítulo, aprofunda-se sobre o custo do encarceramento e a baixa transparência (opacidade) da despesa pública com a manutenção das pessoas presas, destacando-se o Fundo Penitenciário Nacional (FUNPEN), seus instrumentos financeiros, receitas e repasses de recursos, os contingenciamentos e a efetividade das políticas públicas dele decorrentes. Analisam-se auditorias e fiscalizações sobre o FUNPEN, bem como medidas de responsabilização propostas pelo Ministério Público. No quarto capítulo, apontam-se modelos alternativos para o gerenciamento das prisões, como as Parcerias Público-Privadas (PPP's) e as Associações de Proteção e Assistência aos Condenados (APAC's), mencionando, ainda, boas práticas, como o monitoramento eletrônico e a utilização das artes na recuperação dos presos. No quinto capítulo, avalia-se a jurisprudência (nacional e internacional) sobre a questão prisional, abordando o ativismo judicial para solucionar as falhas estruturais do sistema brasileiro, bem como a reserva do possível e os reflexos orçamentários. Além de julgados do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) e do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), aprofunda-se sobre o decidido na ADPF 347 MC/DF, que reconheceu o "Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional" (ECI) no sistema penitenciário brasileiro e determinou, dentre outras providências, o descontingenciamento das verbas do FUNPEN. Após detida análise bibliográfica, jurisprudencial e em base de dados, conclui-se o trabalho de pesquisa, com propostas federativas, financeiras e de gestão que impactem positivamente nas condições prisionais no país.
Title in English
The financing and the management of brazilian penitentiary system
Keywords in English
Cost of incarceration
Financing
Judicial intervention
Management
National penitentiary fund
Penitential policy
Penitentiary sistem
Public budget
Public expenditure on prisoners
State of unconstitutional things
Abstract in English
This dissertation starts from the federative approach of the Brazilian penitentiary system "penitentiary federalism", entering the field of responsibilities, among the various state entities, for the costing and management of that system. In the second chapter, criminal and factual aspects of the prison system are addressed, evaluating the mission of Criminal Law and aspects of penalties, their theories, functions and historical evolution, going through their humanization, and arriving at the UN Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners , 2015 (Mandela Rules). After the global characteristics of imprisonment, and in some foreign countries, the Brazilian system arrives, with the disclosures made by national and international organizations regarding the chaotic state that our management of persons deprived of liberty is in, as well as the constant violations of human rights. In the third chapter, it delves into the cost of incarceration and the low transparency (opacity) of public expenditure on the maintenance of prisoners, notably the National Penitentiary Fund (FUNPEN), its financial instruments, revenues and transfers of resources, the contingencies and the effectiveness of public policies resulting from it. Audits and inspections on FUNPEN are analyzed, as well as accountability measures proposed by the Public Ministry. In the fourth chapter, alternative models for the management of prisons are pointed out, such as Public-Private Partnerships (PPP's) and Associations for the Protection and Assistance of Convicts (APAC's), also mentioning good practices, such as electronic monitoring and use of arts to recover prisoners. In the fifth chapter, the jurisprudence (national and international) on the prison issue is evaluated, addressing judicial activism to resolve the flaws in the Brazilian system, as well as the reserve of the possible and the budgetary reflexes. In addition to judgments from the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) and the Supreme Federal Court (STF), it delves into what was decided in ADPF 347 MC / DF, which recognized the "State of Things Unconstitutional" (ECI) in the Brazilian penitentiary system and determined, among other measures, the decommissioning of FUNPEN funds. After bibliographic, jurisprudential and database analysis, the research work is concluded, with federative, financial and management proposals that positively impact prison conditions in the country.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-05-04
 
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