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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.2.2016.tde-24022016-165231
Document
Author
Full name
Thiago Peixoto Alves
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Toledo, Paulo Fernando Campos Salles de (President)
Cerezetti, Sheila Christina Neder
Pugliesi, Adriana Valéria
Title in Portuguese
O garantidor e a novação recuperacional
Keywords in Portuguese
Direito comercial
Falência
Novação (direito das obrigações)
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo da presente dissertação é analisar os efeitos gerados aos garantidores dos devedores em recuperação judicial, quando aprovado e homologado o Plano de Recuperação Judicial destes, diante do fenômeno da novação previsto no art. 59 da Lei nº 11.101/05. Essa análise será feita a partir de um estudo geral do instituto da novação no direito civil, bem como da disciplina legal das garantias pessoais, principalmente o aval e a fiança. Com base nesta visão cível, serão comparadas as duas posições hoje existentes sobre a matéria no âmbito comercial, tanto na doutrina como na jurisprudência nacionais, com o estudo dos argumentos utilizados por aqueles que defendem a manutenção incólume da obrigação dos terceiros garantidores, independentemente da novação, com a possibilidade dos credores prosseguirem normalmente com sua cobrança, bem como por aqueles que acreditam deva ser extinta a obrigação dos garantidores com a novação. Será apontada uma interpretação alternativa, construída pelo autor, de, em um primeiro momento, ocorrer a extinção da obrigação dos garantidores, enquanto estiver sendo adimplido o Plano de Recuperação pelo devedor principal, e retorno as obrigações originais caso descumprida a proposta aprovada pelos credores. Além dos efeitos decorrentes da lei, será analisada a eficácia da cláusula comumente inserida em Planos de Recuperação, de extinção da obrigação dos garantidores com a concessão da recuperação judicial. Ao final, diante do entendimento apresentado pelo autor sobre os efeitos legais da novação para o garantidor e da eficácia da mencionada cláusula, será proposta uma alteração legislativa, nos moldes do direito argentino, para possibilitar que o terceiro garantidor apresente uma proposta de pagamento conjunta com a devedora principal, encerrando-se a divergência interpretativa hoje existente.
Title in English
The guarantor and the novation in judicial reorganization
Keywords in English
Clause that extinguishes personal guarantees
Effects
Joint proposal of reorganization
Judicial reorganization
Novation
Suggestion of a legislative amendment
Third guarantor
Abstract in English
The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the effects caused to the guarantors of the debtors that are under judicial reorganization, when their reorganization plan is approved, regarding the institute of novation provided in art. 59 of Law n. 11.101/05. This analysis will begin with an overall study on the institute of novation in civil law and also on the personal guarantees, especially endorsement and surety. Based on this civil approach, the two current existing positions on the subject in commercial law will be compared, both in national doctrine and national jurisprudence, with a specific study about the arguments used by those who defend the maintenance of the third guarantors' obligations, irrespective of the novation, with the possibility of the creditors continuing to pursue the collection normally, and also the arguments used by those who believe that the third guarantors' obligations should be extinct with the novation. Furthermore, an alternative position, developed by the author, will be presented. According to this position, at first, as long as the debtor is performing the reorganization plan, the guarantors' obligations will be considered extinct. However, in case there is a breach of the plan, the obligations return to their original conditions. Besides the effects arising from the law, the effectiveness of a clause commonly included in reorganization plans, which provides for the extinction of guarantors' obligations with the approval of the judicial reorganization, will be analyzed. Finally, based on the authors conclusions about the legal effects of the novation for the guarantor and the effectiveness of the above-mentioned clause, one legislative amendment will be suggested, based on the Argentinian Law, to allow the third guarantor to present a payment proposal together with the primary debtor, thus settling the interpretative divergence that exists nowadays.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-05-23
 
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