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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2021.tde-14062021-193704
Document
Author
Full name
Galtiere Corrêa Rêgo
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Casteletti, Luiz Carlos (President)
Bolfarini, Claudemiro
Ishikawa, Tomaz Toshimi
Pinto, Haroldo Cavalcanti
Spinelli, José Eduardo
Title in Portuguese
Produção e caracterização microestrutural, mecânica e tribológica de ferros fundidos brancos hipoeutéticos, com teores variados de cromo e ligados com nióbio
Keywords in Portuguese
Carbonetos eutéticos
Desgaste abrasivo
Ferro fundido branco
Propriedades mecânicas
Tratamento térmico
Abstract in Portuguese
No presente trabalho realizou-se o processamento de Ferros Fundidos Brancos (FFBs) hipoeutéticos com percentuais de 14,0% Cr e 23,0% Cr com adições de 3,0% Nb, 3,0% Mo e da combinação de 1,0%Mo-2,0%Nb, resultando em seis composições químicas. As composições nominais das ligas foram especificadas, realizando-se posteriormente a fundição dos lingotes em moldes de areia e resina fenólica. As amostras foram extraídas dos lingotes e preparadas para a realização das caracterizações e as imagens obtidas por microscopias óptica (MO) e eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foram processadas e obtiveram-se para cada liga as frações de carbonetos eutéticos e o número de carbonetos eutéticos por área. Os carbonetos NbC e Mo2C foram identificados nas ligas com 3,0% Nb e 3,0% Mo, enquanto a combinação 1,0%Mo-2,0%Nb produziu carbonetos mistos, (Nb, Mo)C. Os carbonetos mistos (Nb, Mo)C influenciaram negativamente na tenacidade ao impacto, devido as suas durezas superiores. Os resultados de dilatometria indicaram que as ligas com 23,0% Cr apresentaram temperaturas Ms (martensite start) superiores comparadas as ligas com 14,0% Cr. Os tratamentos térmicos de desestabilização aplicados melhoraram as durezas das ligas e o melhor desempenho foi obtido no tratamento realizado a 950 °C. A liga 14Cr-3Mo no estado bruto de fundição apresentou um desempenho inferior ao desgaste microabrasivo, comparada as demais, enquanto a liga 14Cr-3Nb apresentou os melhores desempenhos. O tratamento térmico realizado a 950 °C seguido de revenimento a 600 °C permitiu os melhores desempenhos ao desgaste microabrasivo. A superficie das calotas mostrou que o mecanismo de desgaste microabrasivo predominante foi a abrasão a dois corpos. O tratamento Termorreativo de Difusão (TRD) produziu camadas com boa adesão e resistências ao desgaste e a corrosão muito superiores, comparados aos seus respectivos substratos.
Title in English
Production and microstructural, mechanical and tribological characterization of hypoeutectic white cast irons, varying the content of chromium and alloyed with niobium
Keywords in English
Abrasive wear
Eutectic carbides
Heat treatment
Mechanical properties
White cast iron
Abstract in English
In the present work, hypoeutectic White Cast Iron (WCI) alloys were produced with 14 wt%Cr and 23 wt%Cr, with additions of 3 wt%Nb, 3 wt%Mo and the combination of 1%wtMo-2%wtNb. It has been produced six chemical compositions. The nominal compositions of the alloys were specified previously and later of the blocks were cast in molds made of sand and phenolic resin. The samples were machined from the blocks and they have been prepared for characterization, and the images obtained by optical microscopy and scanning electronics were processed, getting the fractions of eutectic carbides and the number of eutectic carbides per area for each alloy. The carbides NbC and Mo2C were identified in the alloys with 3 wt%Nb and 3 wt%Mo, while the combination of 1wt%Mo-2wt%Nb produced associate carbides of the type (Nb, Mo)C. Carbide types (Nb, Mo)C had a negative effect on impact toughness, due to their higher hardness. Dilatometry results indicated that 23Cr-containing alloys had higher Ms (martensite start) temperatures compared to alloys with 14 wt%Cr. The heat treatments applied to improve the hardness of the alloys, and better performance has been obtained in the treatment carried out at 950 °C. The alloy 14Cr-3Mo in the as-cast conditions showed a lower performance to the microabrasive wear compared to the other alloys, and the alloy 14Cr-3Nb had the better performance. The heat treatment carried out at 950 °C followed by tempering at 600 °C allowed better performances to microabrasive wear. The wear craters showed that the predominant microabrasive wear mechanism was the two bodies abrasion. The Thermo-Reactive Diffusion (TRD) treatment produced layers with good adhesion to the substrates, and better wear and corrosion resistance, compared to their substrates.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-07-01
 
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