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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2017.tde-13012017-091207
Document
Author
Full name
Emanoele Maria Santos Chiromito
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Carvalho, Antonio José Felix de (President)
Carvalho, Jonas de
Marini, Juliano
Title in Portuguese
Preparação de placas rígidas de polpa celulósica e de nanofibras de celulose com polímeros acrílicos
Keywords in Portuguese
Celulose
Nanofibras de celulose
Painéis
PMMA
Resina acrílica
Abstract in Portuguese
No presente trabalho, foram preparados painéis rígidos compostos de polpa celulósica e nanofibras de celulose (NFC), utilizando como materiais aglomerantes o poli (metacrilato de metila) (PMMA) e uma resina acrílica comercial, empregados em suspensões aquosas do material celulósico e emulsões dos polímeros aglomerantes. Foi desenvolvido um novo método para a preparação dos materiais compósitos baseados em um processo de co-precipitação, onde o reforço de fibras de celulose e o polímero em emulsão são coagulados e isolados da fase aquosa. Foram investigadas misturas de resina/fibra contendo 25%, 50% e 75% de fibras em massa. O grande desafio encontrado foi a obtenção de dispersões homogêneas das fibras nas matrizes acrílicas, uma vez que a natureza hidrofílica da celulose em relação a natureza hidrofóbica das matrizes geralmente leva a separação entre os componentes e a formação de materiais heterogêneos. O processo estudado neste trabalho, conduziu à formação de placas espessas e homogêneas que foram moldadas por prensagem à quente. Os materiais foram caracterizados por meio de ensaios de espectroscopia no infravermelho com transformada de Fourier (FTIR), análise termogravimétrica (TGA), ensaio dinâmico mecânico (DMA), ensaio de tração, absorção de água e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). As micrografias obtidas por MEV mostraram uma boa dispersão e adesão interfacial das NFC com os materiais acrílicos. Os ensaios de DMA e ensaios de tração evidenciaram o efeito de reforço superior NFC em relação a polpa celulósica. O comportamento dos compósitos obtidos com as NFC foi muito superior do que comportamento dos painéis obtidos com a polpa de celulose. O método desenvolvido para a produção de placas de polímeros acrílicos com altos teores de fibras de celulose se mostrou eficaz, sendo demonstrado o potencial das NFC como material de reforço.
Title in English
Preparation and characterization of rigid panels of wood cellulose pulp and nanocellulose with acrilic polymers
Keywords in English
Acrylic resin
Cellulose
Cellulose nanofibers
Panels
PMMA
Abstract in English
In this work, there were prepared rigid panels of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and a commercial acrylic resin reinforced with wood pulp and cellulose nanofibers (NFC). Wood pulp and cellulose nanofibers were used from its aqueous suspensions and the thermoplastic polymers used as emulsions. A new method for the preparation of composite materials based on a co-precipitation in which the reinforcement fibers of cellulose and polymer emulsion were coagulated and isolated from the aqueous phase has been developed. Thus, mixtures of resin/fiber containing 25%, 50% and 75% by weight fibers have been investigated. The challenge found to obtain homogenous dispersion of fibers in an acrylic resin matrix, since the hydrophilic nature of the cellulose compared to hydrophobic nature of matrices usually leads to separation of the components and the formation of heterogeneous materials. The process studied in this work led to the formation of thick and homogeneous composites in which were molded by hot pressing. The materials was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile testing, water absorption and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM micrographs showed good dispersion and interfacial adhesion of NFC with acrylic materials. DMA tests and tensile tests showed higher reinforcing effect NFC in relation to pulp. The method developed for the production of acrylic polymers panels with high cellulose fibers content is effective, being demonstrated the potential of NFC as reinforcing material. The behavior of the panels obtained with NFC was very behavior of the composites obtained from the wood pulp cellulose.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-01-19
 
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