Diclofenaco (DCF), ibuprofeno (IBU), propranolol (PRO), triclosan (TCS) e linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) são recalcitrantes em Estações de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE). A remoção desses compostos foi investigada em reator EGSB (Expanded Granular Sludge Bed), em escala aumentada (69L), alimentado com esgoto sanitário afluente a ETE de São Carlos-SP (Brasil) e 200 mg L^-1 de etanol. O EGSB foi operado em três fases: (I) tempo de detenção hidráulico (TDH) de 36±4h; (II) TDH de 20±2h e (III) TDH de 20±2h com etanol. Entre as fases I e II, não houve diferença significativa da remoção de LAS (63±11-65±12%), DCF (37±18-35±11%), IBU (43±18-44±16%) e PRO (46±25-51±23%) para 13±2-15±2 mg L^-1, 106±32-462±294 μg L^-1, 166±55-462±213 μg L^-1 e 201±113-250±141 μg L^-1 afluente, respectivamente. Para TCS, obteve-se maior remoção na fase I (72±17% para 127±120 μg L^-1 afluente) em comparação a fase II (51±13% para 135±119 μg L^-1 afluente), devido a sua maior adsorção (40%) na fase inicial. Na fase III, observou-se maior remoção de DCF (42±10% para 107±26 μg L^-1 afluente), IBU (50±15% para 164±47 μg L^-1 afluente) e TCS (85±15% para 185±148 μg L^-1 afluente) e menor de LAS (35±14% para 12±3 mg L^-1 afluente) e PRO (-142±177% para 188±88 μg L^-1 afluente). Bactérias e arqueias semelhantes a Syntrophobacter, Smithella, Macellibacteroides, Syntrophus, Blvii28_wastewater-sludge_group, Bacteroides e Methanosaeta (fase I); Syntrophobacter e Methanosaeta (fase II); Smithella, Caldisericum e Methanobacterium (fase III), foram identificadas. A produção de metano (P) de lodo granular submetido a DCF, IBU, TCS e PRO em esgoto sanitário em reatores em batelada e cossubstratos (200 mg L^-1 de matéria orgânica) na forma de etanol, metanol:etanol e fumarato foi avaliada. Etanol favoreceu maior produção de metano (P) em relação ao Controle (855±5 μmolCH₄), para os ensaios com DCF (43,20±0,01 mgDCF L^-1; 11.530±368 μmolCH₄), IBU (43,42±0,03 mgIBU L^-1; 10.583±512 μmolCH₄), TCS (5,10±0,10 mgTCS L^-1; 2.960±185 μmolCH₄) e PRO (55,90±1,20 mgPRO L^-1; 10.946±108 μmolCH₄). O uso de etanol resultou em maior remoção de DCF (28,24±1,10% para 43,20±0,01 mg L^-1), IBU (18,72±1,60% para 43,42±0,03 mg L^-1), TCS (93,70±0,80% para 5,10±0,10 mg L^-1) e PRO (26,61±0,78% para 55,90±1,20 mg L^-1). Entretanto, com 28,5±0,5 mgPRO L^-1, maior remoção (89,10±0,1%) foi obtida sem cossubstratos. Smithella, Sulfuricurvum, Synthophus e Methanosaeta foram identificadas nos ensaios de DCF e IBU com etanol. Em TCS com etanol identificou-se Longilinea, Arcobacter, Mesotoga, Sulfuricurvum e Methanosaeta. Para PRO sem cossubstrato, os gêneros VadinBC27, Methanobacterium e Methanosaeta foram mais abundantes. Por meio desta classificação taxonômica, as vias metabólicas dos possíveis microrganismos envolvidos na degradação anaeróbia de DCF, IBU, PRO e TCS foram propostas.

Diclofenac (DCF), ibuprofen (IBU), propranolol (PRO), triclosan (TCS) and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) are recalcitrant in Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). The removal of these compounds was investigated in an EGSB (Expanded Granular Sludge Bed) reactor (69L), fed with sanitary sewage influent to the São Carlos-SP (Brazil) WWTP and 200 mg L^-1 of ethanol. The EGSB was operated in three phases: (I) hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 36±4h; (II) HRT of 20±2h and (III) HRT of 20±2h with ethanol. Between phases I and II, there was no significant difference in the removal of LAS (63±11-65±12%), DCF (37±18-35±11%), IBU (43±18-44±16%) and PRO (46±25-51±23%) for 13±2-15±2 mg L^-1, 106±32-462±294 μg L^-1, 166±55-462±213 μg L^-1 and 201±113-250±141 μg L^-1 influent, respectively. For TCS, greater removal was obtained in phase I (72±17% for influent 127±120 μg L^-1) compared to phase II (51±13% for 135±119 μg L^-1 influent), due to its greater adsorption (40%) in the initial phase. In phase III, greater removal of DCF (42±10% for 107±26 μg L^-1 influent), IBU (50±15% for 164±47 μg L^-1 influent) and TCS (85±15% for 185±148 μg L^-1 influent) and lower than LAS (35±14% for 12±3 mg L^-1 influent) and PRO (-142±177% for 188±88 μg L^-1 influent) was observed. Bacteria and archaea similar to Syntrophobacter, Smithella, Macellibacteroides, Syntrophus, Blvii28_wastewater-sludge_group, Bacteroides and Methanosaeta (phase I); Syntrophobacter and Methanosaeta (phase II); Smithella, Caldisericum and Methanobacterium (phase III), were identified. Methane production (P) of granular sludge subjected to DCF, IBU, TCS and PRO in sanitary sewage in batch reactors and cosubstrates (200 mg L^-1 of organic matter) in the form of ethanol, methanol: ethanol and fumarate was evaluated. Ethanol favored a higher methane production (P) compared to the Control (855 ± 5 μmolCH₄), for the essays with DCF (43.20 ± 0.01 mgDCF L^-1; 11,530±368 μmolCH₄), IBU (43.42±0.03 mgIBU L^-1; 10,583±512 μmolCH₄), TCS (5.10±0.10 mgTCS L^-1; 2.960±185 μmolCH₄) and PRO (55.90±1.20 mgPRO L^-1; 10.946±108 μmolCH₄). The ethanol use resulted in greater removal of DCF (28.24±1.10% for 43.2 ±0.01 mg L^-1), IBU (18.72±1.60% for 43.42±0, 03 mg L^-1), TCS (93.70±0.80% for 5.10±0.10 mg L^-1) and PRO (26.61±0.78% for 55.90±1.20 mg L^-1). However, with 28.5±0.5 mgPRO L^-1, greater removal (89.10±0.1%) was achieved without cosubstrates. Smithella, Sulfuricurvum, Synthophus and Methanosaeta were identified in the assays with DCF and IBU with ethanol. In TCS with ethanol, Longilinea, Arcobacter, Mesotoga, Sulfuricurvum and Methanosaeta were identified. For PRO without cosubstrate, the genera VadinBC27, Methanobacterium and Methanosaeta were more abundant. Through this taxonomic classification, the metabolic pathways of possible microorganisms involved in the anaerobic degradation of DCF, IBU, PRO and TCS were proposed.