• JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
  • JoomlaWorks Simple Image Rotator
 
  Bookmark and Share
 
 
Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2015.tde-10082015-100837
Document
Author
Full name
Inaê Alves
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Pires, Eduardo Cleto (President)
Del Nery, Valéria
Tommaso, Giovana
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização de grânulos de reator UASB empregado no processamento de vinhaça
Keywords in Portuguese
Grânulos
UASB
Vinhaça
Abstract in Portuguese
Um reator anaeróbio de fluxo ascendente com manta de lodo (UASB), em escala piloto, foi utilizado para tratamento anaeróbio da vinhaça, resíduo proveniente da produção de açúcar e álcool de cana-de-açúcar. O reator foi inoculado com lodo granulado, oriundo de reator UASB tratando resíduo de abatedouro de aves; e submetido ao aumento gradativo de carga orgânica volumétrica (COV) até atingir 10 kgDQO.m3.dia-1. O aumento da COV ocorreu através do ajuste da vazão e, portanto, do aumento da velocidade ascensional do sistema. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e acompanhar o efeito que tais mudanças operacionais provocam na manta de lodo granular. As análises físicas, químicas e biológicas foram realizadas no inóculo e na manta de lodo, durante o incremento da COV (2,5, 5,0, 7,5 e 10 kgDQO.m-3.dia-1). Foi estudada a distribuição de dimensão, a resistência mecânica, a composição de metais e estrutura microbiana dos grânulos. Os grânulos do inóculo e do reator UASB variaram de 0,4 a 5 mm. O inóculo apresentou maior frequência de grânulos entre 2,1 e 2,5 mm. Com a introdução da COV e aumento da velocidade ascensional, verificou-se diminuição dos tamanhos dos grânulos. Nas COV de 2,5 e 5,0 kgDQO.m-3.dia-1 a maior frequência de grânulos foi de 1,6 a 2,0 mm e nas COV de 7,5 e 10 kgDQO.m-3.dia-1 foi de 0,4 a 1 mm. A análise de resistência mecânica aplicada aos grânulos causou diminuição no tamanho dos mesmos em todas as situações analisadas. O teste estatístico ANOVA revelou que as amostras foram estatisticamente diferentes, confirmando que o aumento de COV e a agitação aplicada aos grânulos no teste de resistência modificou as características do lodo granular. Os metais presentes na vinhaça não causaram impacto tóxico aos microrganismos no reator. As análises microbiológicas mostraram grande diversidade microbiana nos grânulos em todas as situações analisadas. Nas COV mais baixas (2,5 e 5,0 kgDQO.m-3.dia-1) as Methanosaetas se mantiveram no centro do grânulo, mas nas COV mais altas elas afloraram na superfície granular. Verificou-se que o aumento da COV diversificou os tipos de bactérias e selecionou a população de arqueia adaptada às novas condições. De forma geral, os resultados apontam que a tecnologia UASB é adequada ao tratamento de vinhaça de alta carga orgânica devido à boa adaptação dos grânulos às condições operacionais.
Title in English
Characterization of granules from UASB used to processing of vinasse
Keywords in English
Granules
UASB
Vinasse
Abstract in English
A pilot scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) was used for anaerobic treatment of vinasse. The reactor was inoculated with granular sludge from an UASB reactor treating poultry slaughterhouse wastewater. A gradual increase of the volumetric organic loading rate (OLR) up to 10 Kg COD.m3.day-1 was imposed. The increasing of the OLR occurred by increasing the flow rate and, thus, from increasing the upflow velocity. The aim of this study was to evaluate and monitor the effect that such operational changes cause in the granular sludge blanket. The physical, chemical and biological analyzes were performed in the inoculum and the sludge blanket, during the increase in OLR (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 Kg COD. 3.day-1). Size distribution, mechanical strength, metal composition and microbial structure of the granules were studied. The granules from the inoculum and from the UASB reactor varied from 0.4 to 5.0 mm. The inoculum presented greater frequency of granules, between 2.1 and 2.5 mm. The OLR and up flow velocity increase resulted in a decrease of granule sizes. For OLR of 2.5 and 5.0 kgCOD.m3.day-1 the highest frequency of granules was 1.6 to 2.0 mm and for OLR of 7.5 and 10 kgCOD.m3.day-1 it was 0.4 to 1.0 mm. The mechanical strength analysis applied to granules caused a reduction in the size for all analyzed situations. The ANOVA statistical test showed that the samples were statistically different; confirming that the increase in OLR and agitation applied to granules in the strength test modified the characteristics of the granular sludge. The metal content present in the vinasse caused no toxic impact on microorganisms in the reactor. Microbiological analyses showed great microbial diversity in granules in all situations. In the lower OLR (2.5 and 5.0 kgCOD.m3.day-1) the Methanosaetas remained in the center, but in the higher OLR they seemed to emerge on the surface of the granules. Through molecular biological tests, it was found that increasing the OLR diversified the types of bacteria and selected the adapted Archaea population to the new conditions. Overall, the results indicate that the UASB technology is suitable for the treatment of high organic load rate vinasse because of the good adaptation of granules to the operational conditions.
 
WARNING - Viewing this document is conditioned on your acceptance of the following terms of use:
This document is only for private use for research and teaching activities. Reproduction for commercial use is forbidden. This rights cover the whole data about this document as well as its contents. Any uses or copies of this document in whole or in part must include the author's name.
Publishing Date
2015-08-13
 
WARNING: Learn what derived works are clicking here.
All rights of the thesis/dissertation are from the authors
CeTI-SC/STI
Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of USP. Copyright © 2001-2024. All rights reserved.