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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2023.tde-16102023-120502
Document
Author
Full name
Vitor Luiz Assunção Martins
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Garcia, Luis Vicente (President)
Abrão, João
Simões, Claudia Marquez
Title in Portuguese
Mapeamento da prática transfusional em procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos no Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto
Keywords in Portuguese
Manejo sanguíneo do paciente
Transfusão perioperatória
Abstract in Portuguese
O sangue, desde a Antiguidade, sempre fascinou a humanidade e fez parte de rituais e experimentos que estiveram presentes nas mais diversas civilizações. O conhecimento científico da fisiologia a partir do século XVII permitiu tanto maior entendimento sobre o papel desempenhado pelo sangue no organismo como experiências transfusionais mais complexas e racionais. Posteriormente, as transfusões sanguíneas se tornaram rotina já no século XX e um dos instrumentos do médico anestesiologista na manutenção da homeostase do paciente no período perioperatório. O concentrado de hemácia, o plasma fresco congelado, o concentrado de plaquetas e o crioprecipitado têm suas indicações transfusionais e o conhecimento de como são utilizados em cada serviço deveria fazer parte de toda instituição que administra tais hemoderivados a fim de melhorar sua prática transfusional. Em 1999, Souza (2001) analisou todas as fichas de anestesias confeccionadas no Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto (HCRP) e, desde então, nenhum outro trabalho foi realizado com esse intuito. Neste estudo observacional do tipo transversal, foram analisadas todas as fichas de anestesias de 2019, 20 anos após o trabalho inicial, buscando caracterizar as mudanças e tendências na prescrição de hemocomponentes. Foram analisados 14966 procedimentos com participação do serviço de anestesia, sendo que houve algum tipo de transfusão em 580 (taxa global de 3,88%). Em relação a 1999, houve redução da taxa de transfusão, aumento da solicitação de exames que embasassem a transfusão e tendência à administração inicial de menor volume do concentrado de hemácias. Além disso, o trabalho buscou revisar as indicações de transfusão de hemocomponentes no período perioperatório e discutir o manejo sanguíneo do paciente, um conjunto de práticas baseadas em evidências que busca dar mais racionalidade às ações e melhorar o desfecho clínico do paciente.
Title in English
Mapping of transfusion practice in elective surgical procedures at Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto
Keywords in English
Patient blood management
Perioperative transfusion
Abstract in English
Blood, since ancient times, has always fascinated mankind and has been part of rituals and experiments that have been present in many civilizations. Scientific knowledge of physiology from the 17th century onwards allowed a greater understanding of the role played by blood in the body and more complex and rational transfusion experiences. Subsequently, blood transfusions became routine in the 20th century and one of the anesthesiologist's instruments in maintaining the patient's homeostasis in the perioperative period. Red blood cell concentrate, fresh frozen plasma, platelet concentrate and cryoprecipitate have their transfusional indications and to know how they are used in each service should be part of every institution where such blood products are prescribed in order to improve its transfusion practice. In 1999, Souza (2001) analyzed all anesthesia records from that year at the Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto (HCRP) and, since then, no other project has been carried out with this aim. In this observational cross-sectional study, all anesthesia records from 2019 were analyzed, 20 years after the initial thesis, seeking to characterize changes and trends in the prescription of blood components. A total of 14,966 procedures were analyzed in which there was participation of the anesthesia service, with some type of transfusion seen in 580 (overall rate of 3.88%). In relation to 1999, there was a reduction in the rate of transfusion, an increase in the request for tests to support transfusion and a tendency to initially administer a smaller volume of red blood cell concentrate. In addition, the work seeks to review the indications for transfusion of blood components in the perioperative period and discuss the patient's blood management, a set of evidence-based practices that seek to give more rationality to actions and improve the patient's clinical outcome.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-12-06
 
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