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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2021.tde-06122021-153330
Document
Author
Full name
Renan Cenize Guardia
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Pontes Neto, Octávio Marques (President)
Miranda, Carlos Henrique
Rodrigues, Guilherme Gustavo Riccioppo
Title in Portuguese
Impacto do fluxo pré-hospitalar no tratamento do acidente vascular cerebral isquêmico agudo
Keywords in Portuguese
AVCi
Pré-hospitalar
Unidades de pronto atendimento
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: O atendimento pré-hospitalar eficiente do acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) depende do reconhecimento adequado dos sintomas, ativação de sistemas médicos de emergência e transferência rápida de pacientes com suspeita de AVC para um centro capaz de realizar terapia de reperfusão. No Brasil, os pacientes com suspeita de AVC são comumente conduzidos por familiares ou ambulâncias à unidade primária de atenção (Unidades Básicas de Saúde ou Unidades de Pronto Atendimento), ao invés de serem levados pelo serviço médico de emergência móvel (SAMU) diretamente ao centro de referência para AVC. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto do fluxo pré-hospitalar no acesso a terapia de reperfusão de pacientes com AVC isquêmico admitidos em um centro público de referência para AVC no Brasil. Métodos: Pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de AVC isquêmico foram avaliados e divididos em dois grupos: (1) aqueles que foram admitidos diretamente pelo SAMU e (2) aqueles que tiveram seu primeiro atendimento em uma unidade primária de atenção. Resultados: foram incluídos 209 pacientes, sendo 66 (31,4%) regulados diretamente pelo SAMU e 143 (68,6%) pelas Unidades primárias de atenção (UPA). A mediana do NIHSS foi 16 (IR: 5-22) e 5 (IR: 3-13) nos grupos SAMU e UPA, respectivamente (p <0,001). Quarenta (60,6%) pacientes trazidos diretamente pelo SAMU e 56 (38,9%) da UPA receberam trombólise intravenosa (p = 0,003), com mediana de tempo ictus-agulha de 120 (IR: 90-180) minutos e 200 (IR: 170-245) minutos, respectivamente (p <0,001). Vinte e três (35,4%) pacientes internados diretamente pelo SAMU e 21 (14,6%) dos regulados pela UPA foram submetidos à trombectomia mecânica (p = 0,01). Pacientes encaminhados diretamente pelo SAMU tiveram cerca de duas vezes a chance de receber terapia trombolítica (OR: 2,12; IC 95% 1,051-4,287, p = 0,03) ou terapia endovascular (OR: 2,40; IC 95% 1,143-5,072, p = 0,021), após o ajuste para fatores de confusão. Conclusão: A ativação adequada do SAMU e a transferência direta para um centro de referência para AVC é um preditor independente de acesso à terapia de reperfusão para AVC isquêmico no Brasil.
Title in English
Impact of prehospital flow in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke
Keywords in English
Emergency care units
Ischemic stroke
Pre hospitalar
Abstract in English
Introduction: Efficient prehospital stroke care depends upon adequate recognition of symptoms, activation of emergency medical systems and rapid transfer of suspected stroke patients to a center capable of performing reperfusion therapy. In Brazil, patients with suspected stroke are commonly taken by family members or ambulances to a primary care unit (PCU) instead of being taken by mobile emergency medical service (SAMU) directly to the stroke center. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the prehospital flow on the treatment of ischemic stroke patients admitted to a comprehensive stroke center in Brazil. Methods: Consecutive patients with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke were assessed and divided into two groups: (1) those who were admitted directly through SAMU, and (2) those who had their first care at a primary unit. Results: 209 patients were included, of which 66 (31.4%) were directly regulated by SAMU and 143 (68.6%) by PCU. The median NIHSS was 16 (IR: 5-22) and 5 (IR: 3-13) within SAMU and PCU groups, respectively (p<0.001). Forty (60.6%) patients brought directly by SAMU and 56 (38.9%) from PCU received intravenous thrombolysis (p=0.003), with a median ictus-to-needle time of 120 (IR: 90-180) minutes and 200 (IR: 170- 245) minutes, respectively (p<0.001). Twenty-three (34.8%) patients admitted directly by SAMU and 21 (14.6%) of those regulated by PCU underwent to mechanical thrombectomy (p=0.01). Patients referred directly by SAMU had about twice the chance of receiving thrombolytic therapy (OR: 2.12; 95% CI 1.051-4.287, p=0.036) or endovascular therapy (OR: 2.408; 95% CI 1.143-5.072, p=0.021), after adjusting for confounders. Conclusion: Adequate activation of SAMU and direct transfer to a referral stroke center is an independent predictor of assess to stroke reperfusion therapy in Brazil.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-01-10
 
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