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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2021.tde-04102021-161614
Document
Author
Full name
Felipe Augusto Rós
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Haddad, Simone Kashima (President)
Pinto, Ana Cristina Silva
Rocha, Vanderson Geraldo
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização celular do sistema hematopoético e dos nichos hematopoéticos de modelo murino da anemia falciforme
Keywords in Portuguese
Anemia falciforme
Camundongo falciforme
Célula estromal mesenquimal
Nicho hematopoético
Sistema hematopoético
Abstract in Portuguese
O sistema hematopoético é o responsável pela produção das células sanguíneas do organismo em homeostase ou estresse. Seu funcionamento depende da manutenção e diferenciação coordenada das células-tronco hematopoiéticas (HSC) que está intimamente associada ao nicho hematopoético. O nicho hematopoético é um microambiente altamente dinâmico, orquestrado e heterogêneo quanto à sua composição celular. Dentre os tipos celulares que o compõem estão as células endoteliais e células estromais mesenquimais multipotentes (MSC) que junto aos demais componentes suportam e regulam a autorrenovação e diferenciação das HSC. Entretanto, doenças hematológicas podem alterar o sistema hematopoético, as HSC e demais células do microambiente. Por isso, este estudo analisou a hematopoese, os nichos hematopoéticos intramedular e extramedular esplênico e as MSC da medula óssea (MO) de camundongos falciformes (Townes-SS) com diferentes idades e após o tratamento com hidroxiuréia (HU). Os resultados revelaram maior número de progenitores de eritrócitos e megacariócitos (MEP) no nicho intramedular dos Townes-SS, além do maior número de: HSC, progenitores mieloides comuns (CMP), progenitores de granulócitos e monócitos (GMP) e MEP no nicho extramedular esplênico. Esses achados demonstram que a análise combinada da hematopoese intramedular e extramedular esplênica dos Townes-SS concorda com dados já descritos para MO de humanos. O aumento dos MEP foi acompanhado de aumento na frequência de progenitores eritroides terminais totais e de alteração no perfil mitótico da diferenciação eritroide terminal murina em ambos os nichos. A análise das células não hematopoéticas revelou maior número de células-tronco endoteliais, MSC e células estromais não mesenquimais no nicho extramedular esplênico. As MSC da MO isoladas e cultivadas in vitro apresentaram um perfil transcricional relacionado com aumento da diferenciação das HSC em detrimento da manutenção da quiescência. Por fim, o tratamento dos Townes-SS com HU resultou em menor número de HSC, CMP, GMP e MEP nos nichos hematopoéticos intramedular e extramedular esplênico dos animais tratados frente aos animais não tratados de mesmo genótipo e idade. Este comportamento celular concorda novamente com dados já descritos em humanos que fazem uso de HU frente àqueles que não a utilizam. Portanto, os resultados obtidos demonstram que os Townes-SS podem ser utilizados como modelo animal em estudos pré-clínicos ou de ciência básica que avaliem os impactos da AF ou o efeito de tratamentos sobre as HSC, demais células hematopoéticas e células não hematopoéticas dos nichos hematopoéticos.
Title in English
Cellular characterization of hematopoietic system and hematopoietic niches in murine model of sickle cell anemia
Keywords in English
Hematopoietic niche
Hematopoietic system
Mesenchymal stromal cell
Sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell mice
Abstract in English
The hematopoietic system is responsible for the production of blood cells in the body in homeostasis or stress. Its functioning depends on the maintenance and coordinated differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), which are closely associated with the hematopoietic niche. The hematopoietic niche is a highly dynamic microenvironment, orchestrated and heterogeneous in terms of its cellular composition. Among the cell types that make up the niche are the endothelial cells and multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) that together with the other components support and regulate the self-renewal and differentiation of HSC. However, hematological diseases can alter the hematopoietic system, the HSC and other cells in the microenvironment Therefore, this study analyzed the hematopoiesis, intramedullary and extramedullary splenic hematopoietic niches and bone marrow (BM) MSCs of sickle-cell mice (Townes-SS) at different ages and after treatment with Hydroxyurea (HU). The results revealed a greater number of erythrocyte-megakaryocyte progenitor megakaryocytic-erythroid progenitors (MEP) in the intramedullary niche of the Townes-SS, in addition to a greater number of: HSC, common myeloid progenitors (CMP), granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMP) and MEP in the extramedullary niche splenic. These findings demonstrate that the combined analysis of intra and extramedullary splenic hematopoiesis of the Townes-SS agrees with data already described for OM in humans. The increase in MEP was accompanied by an increase in the frequency of total terminal erythroid progenitors and an alteration in the mitotic profile of the murine terminal erythroid differentiation in both niches. The analysis of non-hematopoietic cells revealed a greater number of endothelial stem cells, MSC and non-mesenchymal stromal cells in the splenic extramedullary niche. The analysis of isolated and in vitro cultivated OM MSCs did not show morphofunctional differences, except for a transcriptional profile related to increased HSC differentiation at the expense of quiescence maintenance. Finally, the treatment of Townes-SS with HU resulted in a lower number of HSC, CMP, GMP and MEP in the intramedullary and extramedullary splenic hematopoietic niches of treated animals compared to untreated ones. This cellular behavior agrees again with data already described in humans who use HU compared to those who do not use it. Therefore, the results obtained demonstrate that the Townes-SS can be used as an animal model for preclinical or basic science studies that assess the impacts of FA on HSC and other hematopoietic or non-hematopoietic cells of hematopoietic niches, as well as in tests on the effect of drugs and drugs on hematopoiesis, hematopoietic niche and specific cells in the context of FA.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-11-23
 
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