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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2021.tde-06122021-153922
Document
Author
Full name
Ana Paula Pinto
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da (President)
Lira, Fábio Santos de
Moraes, Camila de
Souza, Hugo Celso Dutra de
Title in Portuguese
Mecanismos moleculares relacionados ao aumento do conteúdo hepático de gordura em resposta ao excesso de exercício físico
Keywords in Portuguese
Autofagia
Exercício
Hormônios
Lipogênese
mTOR
Abstract in Portuguese
O exercício excêntrico excessivo levou ao acúmulo de gordura hepática, o que ocorreu concomitantemente com a elevação das principais proteínas do complexo 1 do alvo da rapamicina em mamíferos (mTORC1) e da via de sinalização da insulina. Uma vez que a mTORC1 e a insulina podem inibir a via da autofagia e explicar a elevação do conteúdo de lipídio no fígado, o principal objetivo da presente investigação foi verificar a resposta dos genes e proteínas relacionados as vias da autofagia e lipogênese no tecido hepático de camundongos submetidos ao protocolo de corrida excessivo em declive com e sem a administração de rapamicina, uma droga que inibe a via da mTORC1. Camundongos C57BL/6 foram divididos em quatro grupos experimentais: Controle (CT; sedentário), Excesso de exercício físico em declive (EE), Excesso de exercício físico em declive com administração crônica de rapamicina (EE/Rapa) e Endurance (END). Ao final do protocolo de 8 semanas de exercício, o sangue e o fígado foram coletados para análise sérica, histologia, imunohistoquímica, conteúdo de gordura hepática, reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real e immunoblotting. Os principais resultados foram: 1) elevação dos níveis de glicose, insulina, HOMA-IR, cortisol, ALT e colesterol, mas níveis mais baixos de T4 para o grupo EE/Rapa; 2) acúmulo de gordura hepática para os grupos EE e EE/Rapa; 3) aumento de LC3 por imunoexpressão e diminuição dos genes autofágicos para os grupos EE, EE/Rapa e END; 4) redução da fosforilação de p70S6K e aumento da fosforilação de Foxo1A para o grupo EE/Rapa. Em resumo, o exercício excessivo com ou sem rapamicina levou ao aumento do conteúdo de gordura no fígado. Embora a rapamicina tenha sido eficaz na inibição de mTOR, a via da autofagia não foi regulada positivamente.
Title in English
Molecular mechanisms related to increased hepatic fat content in response to excessive physical exercise
Keywords in English
Autophagy
Exercise
Hormones
Lipogenesis
mTOR
Abstract in English
The excessive eccentric exercise led to hepatic fat accumulation, which occurred concomitantly with elevation in the main proteins of the mammalian target of the rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and insulin signaling pathways. Since mTORC1 and insulin can inhibit the autophagy pathway and explain the liver lipid content elevation, the main objective of the present investigation was to verify the responses of genes and proteins related to the autophagy and lipogenesis pathways in the hepatic tissue of mice submitted to the excessive downhill running protocol with and without rapamycin administration, a drug able to inhibit the mTORC1 pathway. C57BL/6 mice were divided into four experimental groups: Control (CT; sedentary), Excessive exercise in downhill running (EE), Excessive exercise in downhill running with chronic administration of rapamycin (EE/Rapa), and Endurance exercise (END). At the end of the 8-week protocols, the blood and liver were collected for serum analysis, histology, immunohistochemistry, hepatic fat content, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and immunoblotting. The main results were: 1) higher levels of glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, cortisol, ALT, and cholesterol, but lower levels of T4 for the EE/Rapa group; 2) hepatic fat accumulation for the EE and EE/Rapa groups; 3) upregulation of LC3 immunoexpression and downregulation of autophagic genes for the EE, EE/Rapa, and END groups; 4) reduction of p70S6K phosphorylation and increase of Foxo1A phosphorylation for the EE/Rapa group. In summary, excessive exercise in downhill running with or without rapamycin led to increased liver fat content. Although rapamycin was effective in inhibiting mTOR, the autophagy pathway was not upregulated.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-01-10
 
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