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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2020.tde-05102020-110226
Document
Author
Full name
Karlos Ítalo Souza Viana
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Jorge, Rodrigo (President)
Monteiro, Mario Luiz Ribeiro
Furtado, João Marcello Fórtes
Lucena, Daniel da Rocha
Title in Portuguese
Estudo comparativo da vitrectomia posterior via pars plana associada ou não à cirurgia de facoemulsificação para o tratamento de membrana epirretiniana e buraco macular
Keywords in Portuguese
Acuidade visual
Buraco macular
Catarata
Membrana epirretiniana
Vitrectomia
Abstract in Portuguese
Comparar os resultados anatômicos e funcionais de olhos submetidos à vitrectomia via pars plana (VPP) e facoemulsificação (Faco) combinados versus VPP e Faco sequencial em pacientes com buraco macular e membrana epirretiniana sem catarata significativa. Casuística e Métodos: Oitenta e dois pacientes (84 olhos) com buraco macular ou membrana epirretiniana sintomáticos e sem catarata significativa foram randomizados em dois grupos, de acordo com uma sequência gerada por computador. Quarenta e um pacientes foram alocados no Grupo combinado (VPP e Faco combinados) e 41 no Grupo sequencial (VPP e faco sequencial). A avaliação incluiu acuidade visual com melhor correção (MAVC), tonometria, fotografia do cristalino, retinografia do polo posterior, tomografia de coerência óptica e microperimetria. As visitas foram realizadas no pré-operatório, um mês, três, seis, nove e 12 meses após a cirurgia de VPP. Os pacientes do grupo sequencial poderiam realizar faco até o mês 12 após a VPP se catarata significativa fosse detectada. Resultados: Setenta e oito pacientes completaram o seguimento (80 olhos) de 48 semanas; 39 no Grupo combinado e 39 no Grupo sequencial. A média ± erro padrão da acuidade visual no pré-operatório foi 0.94 ± 0.04 e 0.93 ± 0.05 logMAR e melhorou significativamente para 0.61 ± 0.07 e 0.58 ± 0.09 logMAR nos grupos combinado e sequencial, respectivamente, após 48 semanas de seguimento. Não houve diferença estatística da acuidade visual entre os grupos no pré-operatório e nem ao final de 48 semanas de acompanhamento (p>0.05). A média ± erro padrão da média de sensibilidade macular no pré-operatório foi de 18.06 ± 0.95 e 17.77 ± 1.41 dB, e melhorou significativamente para 21.32 ± 0.86 e 20.86 ± 1.79 dB nos grupos combinado e sequencial, respectivamente, ao final de 48 semanas de seguimento (p<0.05). Não houve diferença estatística da média de sensibilidade macular entre os grupos no pré-operatório e nem ao final de 48 semanas de acompanhamento (p>0.05). A taxa de fechamento de buraco macular foi de 73% e 75% para os grupos combinado e sequencial, respectivamente, sem diferença estatística entre os grupos (p=0.834). A taxa de surgimento de catarata no grupo sequencial foi 82,5%. Conclusão: A VPP e a cirurgia de faco combinadas foram associadas a desfechos semelhantes de MAVC, sensibilidade macular, pressão intraocular, melhora da espessura macular e taxa de fechamento do buraco macular após um ano da vitrectomia, quando comparadas à VPP e faco sequencial em pacientes com buraco macular e membrana epirretiniana sem catarata significativa.
Title in English
Combined pars plana vitrectomy and phacoemulsification versus ppv and deferred phaco for phakic patients with macular hole or epiretinal membrane and no significant cataract at baseline: one-year outcomes - randomized trial
Keywords in English
Cataract
Epiretinal membrane
Facectomy
Macular hole
Visual acuity
Vitretomy
Abstract in English
To compare functional and anatomic outcomes of combined pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and phacoemulsification (phaco) versus PPV and deferred phaco in patients with full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) and Epiretinal Membrane without significant cataract. Casuistic and Methods: A prospective study with total of 82 patients (84 eyes) with symptomatic macular hole or epiretinal membrane and no significant cataract were randomized into two groups according to a computer-generated sequence. Forty-one patients were allocated to combined group (PPV and Phaco combined) and 41 patients to deferred group (PPV and deferred phaco). Assessment included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), tonometry, Lens follow-up photography, retinography, optical coherence tomography, and microperimetry. The visits were performed preoperatively, 1,3,6,9 and 12 months after vitrectomy surgery. Deferred group patients could perform phaco until month 12 after vitrectomy if significant cataract was detected. Results: A total of 78 patients completed the 48- week follow-up (80 eyes). 39 patients in combined group and 39 patients in deferred Group. The mean ± standard error of visual acuity in preoperative period was 0.94 ± 0.04 and 0.93 ± 0.05 logMAR and improved significantly to 0.61 ± 0.07 and 0.58 ± 0.09 logMAR in groups 1 and 2 respectively, after 48 weeks of follow-up. There was no statistical difference of visual acuity between groups in preoperative period nor at the end of 48 weeks of follow-up (p>0.05). The mean ± standard error of mean macula sensitivity in preoperative period was 18.06 ± 0.95 and 17.77 ± 1.41 dB and improved significantly to 21.32 ± 0.86 and 20.86 ± 1.79 dB in combined and deferred groups respectively, at the end of 48 weeks of follow-up (p <0.05). There was no statistical difference of mean macula sensitivity between groups in preoperative period nor at the end of 48 weeks of follow-up (p>0.05). The macular hole closure rate was 73% and 75% for the combined and sequential groups respectively, with no statistical difference between groups (p=0.834). The rate of cataract onset in group 2 was 82.5%. Conclusion: Combined vitrectomy and phaco were associated with similar BCVA, macular sensitivity, tonometry, macular thickness and macular hole closure rate outcomes after one year of vitrectomy compared to vitrectomy and sequential phaco in patients with macular hole and epiretinal membrane without significant cataract.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-10-26
 
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