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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2014.tde-01022015-173123
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriela Campos de Oliveira Filgueira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Cavalli, Ricardo de Carvalho (President)
Lanchote, Vera Lucia
Moisés, Elaine Christine Dantas
Title in Portuguese
Influência do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 na farmacocinética da nifedipina em gestantes hipertensas
Keywords in Portuguese
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Farmacocinética
Hipertensão
Nifedipina
Transferência placentária
Abstract in Portuguese
A nifedipina é uma dihidropiridina, antagonista de canal de cálcio utilizada no tratamento hipertensão arterial na gravidez. O presente estudo visa avaliar a influência do DM2 na farmacocinética da nifedipina em gestantes hipertensas. Foram avaliadas 12 gestantes hipertensas (grupo controle) e 10 gestantes hipertensas portadoras de DM 2 controlado (grupo DM), em uso de nifedipina retard (20 mg, 12/12 horas). A partir da 34ª semana de gestação foram coletadas amostras seriadas de sangue para a análise farmacocinética nos tempos zero, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480, 540, 600, 660 e 720 minutos após a administração do medicamento. Na resolução da gravidez coletou-se sangue materno e fetal para determinar a taxa de transferência placentária da nifedipina. Foram coletadas também alíquotas de sangue do espaço interviloso e de líquido amniótico para a determinação da distribuição do fármaco nestes compartimentos. As concentrações de nifedipina em plasma e líquido amniótico foram analisadas por LC-MS/MS. Os parâmetros farmacocinéticos e de transferência placentária da nifedipina, reportados como mediana foram comparados usando o teste Mann-Whitney, com nível de significância fixado em p<0,05. Os parâmentros encontrados para o grupo controle foram Cmax 26,41 ng/mL; tmax 1,79h; AUC0-12 235,99 ng.h/mL; Kel 0,16 h-1; t1/2 4,34 h; Vd/F 560,96 L; ClT/F 84,77 L/h. Para o grupo DM, foram encontrados os seguintes parâmetros Cmax 23,52 ng/mL; tmax 1,48h; AUC0-12 202,23 ng.h/mL; Kel 0,14 h-1; t1/2 5,00 h; Vd/F 609,40 L; ClT/F 98,94 L/h. As razões da concentração plasmática da nifedipina na veia umbilical, artéria umbilical, espaço interviloso e líquido amniótico pela concentração plasmática na veia materna foram para o grupo controle e para o grupo DM 0,53 e 0,44; 0,46 e 0,33; 0,78 e 0,87, respectivamente, e 0,05 para ambos os grupos. A razão da concentração plasmática da artéria umbilical pela veia umbilical foi 0,82 para o grupo controle e 0,88 para o grupo DM. Não houve influência do DM2 na farmacocinética e transferência placentária da nifedipina em gestantes hipertensas portadoras de diabetes controlado. O estudo sugere que o regime de dose da nifedipina não precisa ser modificado.
Title in English
Influence of type 2 diabetes mellitus on pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in hypertensive pregnant women
Keywords in English
Hypertension
Nifedipine
Pharmacokinetics
Placental transfer
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Abstract in English
Nifedipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension in pregnant women. The present study aims to evaluate de effect of T2DM on the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in hypertensive pregnant women.12 hypertensive pregnant women (control group) and 10 hypertensive pregnant women with controlled T2DM, using nifedipine retard (20 mg, 12/12h) were evaluated. From 34th week of gestation, serial blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetics analysis at times zero, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 480, 540, 600, 660 e 720 minutes after drug administration. At delivery, maternal blood, umbilical vein and umbilical artery were collected to determine the rate of placental transfer of nifedipine. Aliquots from placental intervillous space and amniotic fluid were also collected to determine the drug distribution in these compartments. The concentrations of nifedipine in plasma and amniotic fluid were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetics and transplacental transfer parameters of nifedipine, reported as median, were compared using Mann-Whitney test, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. The parameters presented for control group were Cmax 26.41 ng/mL; tmax 1.79h; AUC0-12 235.99 ng.h/mL; Kel 0.16 h-1; t1/2 4.34 h; Vd/F 560.96 L; ClT/F 84.77 L/h. For T2DM group the parameters presented were Cmax 23.52 ng/mL; tmax 1.48h; AUC0-12 202.23 ng.h/mL; Kel 0.14 h-1; t1/2 5.00 h; Vd/F 609.40 L; ClT/F 98.94 L/h. The ratios of plasma concentration of nifedipine in umbilical vein, umbilical artery, intervillous space and amniotic fluid for plasma concentration of maternal vein for control group and T2DM group were 0.53 and 0.44; 0.46 and 0.33; 0.78 and 0.87, respectively, and 0.05 for both groups. The ratios of plasma concentration of umbilical artery and umbilical vein were 0.82 for control group and 0.88 for T2DM group. T2DM does not influence the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in hypertensive pregnant women with controlled diabetes. The study suggests that the nifedipine dose regimen doesnt need to be modified.
 
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2015-06-09
 
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