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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2020.tde-09042021-104033
Document
Author
Full name
Renato Augusto Zorzo
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Liberatore Junior, Raphael Del Roio (President)
Almeida, Carlos Alberto Nogueira de
Manso, Paulo Henrique
Santos Filho, Raul Dias dos
Title in Portuguese
Análise do perfil de metilação dos genes LDLR, APOB e PCSK-9 em portadores de Hipercolesterolemia Familiar sem alterações moleculares
Keywords in Portuguese
Colesterol
Criança
Epigenética
Metilação
Abstract in Portuguese
A Hipercolesterolemia Familiar (HF) é uma doença autossômica codominante que tem prevalência estimada de 1:500 na população geral. Quando não diagnosticada precocemente, seus desfechos na doença arterial coronariana e encefálica tendem a ter apresentação precoce, com alto risco de morte. Sua origem está relacionada a mutação nos genes LDLR, APOB e PCSK-9, entretanto em 20 a 40% dos casos não são encontradas alterações estruturais nesses genes. A hipótese deste estudo é que, nesses pacientes, um evento epigenético, especificamente padrões de DNA metilados, poderiam explicar a origem do fenótipo. O grupo de estudo foi composto por 47 amostras de DNA de pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de HF pelos Critérios da Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DCLN) e com estudo de metilação negativo para os três genes. O grupo controle foi composto por 46 amostras de pacientes com lipidograma normal. As amostras foram submetidas a pesquisa de metilação das regiões promotoras dos genes LDLR, APOB e PCSK-9. As prevalências de doentes entre os expostos e entre os não expostos foram comparadas. Não foram observadas diferenças com significância estatísticas nos padrões de metilação dos genes APOB e PCSK-9. No gene LDLR, houve presença de metilação total em 47 amostras no grupo de estudo e em 29 no grupo controle. A prevalência de doentes entre os expostos foi 61,8% e entre os não expostos 15%. A razão de prevalências encontrada foi 4,12 (IC95% 1,43-11,88). Levando em consideração o papel fisiológico do gene LDLR no metabolismo das lipoproteínas, concluímos que esse resultado aponta para uma possível associação entre o perfil de metilação do gene LDLR e a apresentação clínica da HF nos pacientes que não apresentam alterações estruturais nos genes relacionados à doença.
Title in English
Analysis of the methylation profile of LDLR, APOB and PCSK-9 genes in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia without molecular modifications
Keywords in English
Children
Cholesterol
Epigenetics
Methylation
Abstract in English
Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal codominant disease that has an estimated prevalence of 1: 500 in the general population. When not diagnosed early, its outcomes in coronary artery and brain disease tend to have an early presentation, with a high risk of death. Its origin is related to a mutation in the LDLR, APOB and PCSK-9 genes, however, in 20 to 40% of cases, no structural changes are found in these genes. The hypothesis of this study is that, in these patients, an epigenetic event, specifically methylated DNA patterns, could explain the origin of the phenotype. The study group consisted of 47 DNA samples from patients with a clinical diagnosis of FH by the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DCLN) Criteria and with a negative methylation study for the three genes. The control group was composed of 46 samples from patients with normal lipidogram. The samples were submitted to methylation research of the promoter regions of the LDLR, APOB and PCSK-9 genes. The prevalence of patients among the exposed and the unexposed was compared. No statistically significant differences were observed in the methylation patterns of the APOB and PCSK-9 genes. In the LDLR gene, total methylation was present in 47 samples in the study group and in 29 in the control group. The prevalence of patients among the exposed was 61.8% and among the unexposed 15%. The prevalence ratio found was 4.12 (95% CI 1.43-11.88). Taking into account the physiological role of the LDLR gene in the metabolism of lipoproteins, we conclude that this result points to a possible association between the methylation profile of the LDLR gene and the clinical presentation of HF in patients who do not show structural changes in the diseaserelated genes.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-04-20
 
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