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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2022.tde-23062022-093707
Document
Author
Full name
Sabrina Setembre Batah
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Fabro, Alexandre Todorovic (President)
Carvalho, Lina
Santos, Claudia dos
Title in Portuguese
Perfil transcriptômico das áreas miofibroblásticas centradas em vias aéreas como potencial biomarcador das pneumonias intersticiais bronquiolocêntricas: abordagem transicional para diagnóstico molecular
Keywords in Portuguese
Biomarcadores
Doença intersticial pulmonar
Omics
Pneumonite intersticial bronquiolocêntrica
Transcriptoma
Abstract in Portuguese
As doenças pulmonares intersticiais são um grande grupo heterogêneo de distúrbios que causam remodelamento do interstício pulmonar com diferentes padrões de lesão. Dentre esses padrões, destaca-se a pneumonite intersticial bronquiolocêntrica, a qual é definida por um remodelamento fibrótico predominantemente bronquiolocêntrico, relacionado a diferentes etiologias, como microaspiração crônica (ASP) de conteúdo alimentar/gástrico e pneumonite de hipersensibilidade (PH) por antígenos inalados. Apesar da causa inicial da lesão diferir entre estas etiologias, muitas vezes os achados clínicos, radiológicos e histopatológicos não permitem um diagnóstico etiológico preciso, afetando drasticamente no manejo e prognóstico desses pacientes. Desta forma, este projeto estudou o perfil molecular das áreas de lesão, onde o mecanismo específico inicial está presente, afim de validar biomarcadores para o diagnóstico translacional. Para isto, uma minuciosa análise dos dados clínicos e radiológicos e histopatológicos foi realizada, além do transcriptoma do tecido pulmonar de pacientes com ASP e PH. A integração dos dados com o perfil transcriptômico dos pacientes evidenciou alguns clusters gênicos relacionados à específicos processos fisiopatológicos de cada etiologia, destacando uma up-expressão de genes relacionados à colágeno e proteção das células epiteliais bronquiolares no grupo ASP. Ademais, os dados apresentados demostraram, para estes pacientes, uma maior lesão fibrosante com extenso remodelamento parenquimatoso com quadro pulmonar restritivo e pior prognóstico. Assim, a microaspiração crônica do conteúdo oral/gástrico pode modificar o perfil transcriptômico, sendo responsável pelo pior quadro fibrosante. Estas descobertas possibilitam uma melhor acurácia diagnóstica para o tratamento específico da ASP e PH, possibilitando um melhor manejo clínico.
Title in English
Transcriptomic profile of airway-centered myofibroblast areas as a potential biomarker of bronchiolocentric interstitial pneumonias: transitional approach to molecular diagnosis
Keywords in English
Biomarkers
Bronchiolocentric interstitial pneumonitis
Interstitial lung disease
Omics
Transcriptome
Abstract in English
Interstitial lung diseases are a large heterogeneous group of disorders that cause interstitial lung remodeling with different injury patterns. Among these patterns, bronchiolocentric interstitial pneumonitis is defined by a predominantly bronchiolocentric fibrotic remodeling, related to different etiologies, such as chronic microaspiration (ASP) of food/gastric content and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) by inhaled antigens. Although the initial cause of the lesion differs between these etiologies, clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings often do not allow a precise etiological diagnosis, drastically affecting the management and prognosis of these patients. Thus, this project studied the molecular profile of the lesion areas, where the initial specific mechanism is present, in order to validate biomarkers for translational diagnosis. Thus, a detailed analysis of clinical, radiological, and histopathological data was performed, in addition to the transcriptome of lung tissue from patients with ASP and HP. The data integration with the transcriptomic profile of patients evidenced some gene clusters related to specific pathophysiological processes of each etiology, highlighting an up-expression of genes related to collagen and protection of bronchiolar epithelial cells in the ASP group. Furthermore, the data presented demonstrated, for these patients, a greater fibrosing lesion with extensive parenchymal remodeling, with restrictive pulmonary characteristics and worse prognosis. Thus, chronic microaspiration of oral/gastric content can modify the transcriptomic profile, which is responsible for the worst fibrous condition. These findings enable a better diagnostic accuracy for the specific treatment of ASP and PH, improving the clinical management.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-06-27
 
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