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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2022.tde-03012023-125011
Document
Author
Full name
João Victor Batista da Silva
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Ramalho, Leandra Naira Zambelli (President)
Apolinario, Letícia de Araujo
Ferraz, Ivan Savioli
Title in Portuguese
Uma visão geral sobre micotoxinas, seus efeitos patogênicos e biomarcadores de exposição
Keywords in Portuguese
Biomarcadores
Carcinogênese
Fungos
Micotoxinas
Mutagênese
Teratogênese
Toxicidade
Abstract in Portuguese
As micotoxinas são produtos do metabolismo secundário de fungos e podem estar presentes nos alimentos como contaminantes. Essas substâncias são bem relevantes do ponto de vista de saúde global, levando-se em conta, que podem ser contaminantes de aproximadamente 25% de todo o alimento mundial. A exposição a essas toxinas é mais comum nos países em desenvolvimento, nos quais às altas taxas de desnutrição colaboram para a potencialização dos efeitos nocivos. Os efeitos adversos relacionados à exposição às micotoxinas podem se apresentar de forma aguda ou crônica e dentre eles destacam-se: hepatotoxicidade, nefrotoxicidade, imunogenicidade, carcinogenicidade, mutagenicidade, teratogenicidade e desordens nutricionais, sobretudo, em crianças das regiões mais pobres do globo. Esta dissertação tem como escopo principal discorrer, com base em dois artigos de revisão narrativa, sobre às aflatoxinas, fumonisinas, zearalenona, deoxinivalenol e ocratoxina, seus impactos na saúde humana e a animal e seus biomarcadores de diagnóstico. Serão abordados também, os efeitos da exposição pré-natal à aflatoxina B1, para isso, ensaios experimentais e a detecção de biomarcadores em populações de mulheres gestantes serão relatados.
Title in English
An overview of mycotoxins, their pathogenic effects and their biomarkers os exposure
Keywords in English
Biomarkers
Carcinogenesis
Fungi
Mutagenesis
Mycotoxins
Teratogenesis
Toxicity
Abstract in English
Mycotoxins are products of the secondary metabolism of fungi, which can be present in food as contaminants. Approximately 25% of all food worldwide is contaminated by these substances, making them relevant to global health. The occurrence of exposure to these mycotoxins is more common in developing countries, where their effects are more harmful to health, due to the high rate of malnutrition in these places. The damage caused by them can manifest acutely or chronically, and among them stand out hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunogenicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity, and are associated with particularly dangerous nutritional disorders in children from poorer regions. This review focuses on aflatoxins, fumonisins, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and ochratoxins, with special attention to the impacts on human and animal health and its diagnostic biomarkers. The effects of prenatal exposure to aflatoxin B1 will also be addressed, for that, experimental trials and the detection of biomarkers in populations of pregnant women will be reported.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-01-16
 
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