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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2023.tde-26032024-085047
Document
Author
Full name
Frederico Nakane Nakano
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2023
Supervisor
Committee
Sakamoto, Américo Ceiki (President)
Cendes, Fernando
Leite, João Pereira
Machado, Hélio Rubens
Title in Portuguese
Estudo observacional, retrospectivo, de pacientes com epilepsia farmacorresistente submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico no lobo temporal: análise de parâmetros quantitativos obtidos com imagem por tensor de difusão e semiologia ictal
Keywords in Portuguese
Cirurgia de epilepsia
Epilepsia
IRM ponderadas em difusão
Lobo temporal
Semiologia ictal
Tractografia
Abstract in Portuguese
As epilepsias apresentam significativo impacto na saúde do paciente, no social e econômico. O tratamento farmacológico é o de primeira linha, no entanto, uma parte considerável dos pacientes não terão controle das crises epilépticas apesar do adequado tratamento farmacológico. Nesse cenário, pode-se indicar a realização de avaliação pré cirúrgica e o tratamento cirúrgico, sendo o tratamento cirúrgico no lobo temporal um dos mais realizados. As técnicas de neuroimagem, principalmente a ressonância nuclear magnética, tem contribuído significativamente para o maior conhecimento sobre as doenças no contexto da epilepsia e no planejamento dos tratamentos cirúrgicos. As imagens por tensor de difusão permitem a avaliação da substância branca e a obtenção de tractografia. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a integridade da substância branca em tratos específicos selecionados a partir de informações clínicas como desfecho pós operatório e semiologia ictal. As regiões de interesse foram desenhadas manualmente, e, obtida a tractografia pela área de ressecção, realizada a dissecção in vivo para identificar os tratos específicos. Cinquenta pacientes tiveram dados clínicos coletados e as ressonâncias nuclear magnéticas obtidas para a realização de pós processamento. Os pacientes foram agrupados conforme o desfecho pós cirúrgico, sendo: grupo 1A (n=21), grupo 1B-1D (n=16), e, grupo 2-4 (n=13). Obtidos parâmetros quantitativos de DTI, como, anisotropia fracionada, difusividade média, difusividade radial e axial. Quando comparados a tractografia global e os tratos escecíficos, não observamos diferença significativa entre os grupos. Ao analisar um dos tratos específicos, o fornix, em paciente com aura límbica, observou-se aumento na difusividade média, difusividade axial e radial, não sendo encontrado alteração na anisotropia fracionada. Conclui-se que a utilização de análise de tratos (dissecção in vivo) é uma metodologia confiável para o estudo de tratos específicos.
Title in English
Observational, retrospective study of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing surgical treatment in the temporal lobe: analysis of quantitative parameters obtained with diffusion tensor imaging and ictal semiology
Keywords in English
Diffusion MRI
Epilepsy
Ictal semiology
Surgery
Temporal lobe epilepsy
Tractography
Abstract in English
Epilepsies have a significant impact on the patient's health, socially and economically. Pharmacological treatment is the first line, however, a considerable number of patients will not have contrai of epileptic seizures despite adequate pharmacological treatment. ln this scenario, pre-surgical evaluation and surgical treatment can be recommended, with temporal lobe surgery being one of the most common procedures. Neuroimaging techniques, mainly nuclear magnetic resonance, have significantly contributed to greater knowledge about diseases in the context of epilepsy and in the planning of surgical treatments. Diffusion tensor imaging allows white matter and tractography assessment. This work aims to evaluate the integrity of the white matter in specific tracts selected considering clinicai information such as postoperative outcome and ictal semiology. The regions of interest were drawn manually and, after obtaining a tractography of the resection area, in vivo dissection was performed to identify specific tracts. Fifty patients had clinicai data collected and magnetic resonance imaging obtained for post-processing. The patients were grouped according to the post-surgical outcome, as follows: group lA (n=21), group lB-1D (n=16), and group 2-4 (n=13). Quantitative DTI parameters were obtained, such as fractional anisotropy, average diffusivity, radial and axial diffusivity. When global tractography and specific tracts were compareci, we did not observe any significant difference between groups. When analyzing one of the specific tracts, the fornix, in a patient with limbic aura, an increase in mean diffusivity, axial and radial diffusivity was observed, with no change in fractional anisotropy being found. lt is concluded that the use of tract analysis (in vivo dissection) is a reliable methodology for the study of specific tracts.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-26
 
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