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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2021.tde-11062021-092634
Document
Author
Full name
Rebeca Machado de Figueiredo
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Coimbra, Norberto Cysne (President)
Fazan, Valeria Paula Sassoli
Santo, Manoel Jorge Nobre do Espírito
Zanoveli, Janaína Menezes
Title in Portuguese
Efeitos da dopamina intranasal nas respostas defensivas de ratos em modelos comportamentais de pânico: participação dos receptores dopaminérgicos do tipo D2
Keywords in Portuguese
Comportamento de defesa
Modelos de ataques de pânico
Receptor dopaminérgico do tipo D2
Sistema dopaminérgico
Abstract in Portuguese
O indivíduo que sofre de ansiedade patológica desenvolve uma expectativa de perigo ou ameaça futura a sua sobrevivência que geralmente o torna vulnerável à ocorrência de ataques ou transtorno do pânico. Estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos mostram a ativação de circuitos de medo nessa doença psiquiátrica, sendo a substância cinzenta periaquedutal dorsal (SCPd) o substrato neural que mais se destaca. Por estar localizada no mesencéfalo, a SCPd modula a saída de informações geradas por estruturas que compõem o sistema encefálico de defesa. Sua estimulação elétrica produz respostas defensivas que são sugeridas assemelharem-se a ataques de pânico. Um dos neurotransmissores que parece controlar essas respostas é a dopamina (DA) via receptores do tipo D1 e D2. Esse neurotransmissor parece exercer um papel dual na mediação das respostas de medo, visto que na via mesocorticolímbica, originada da área tegmental ventral do mesencéfalo, parecem facilitar o medo aprendido, enquanto em estruturas mesencefálicas dorsais, como a SCPd, parecem inibir as reações inatas de medo. Entretanto, desconhece-se a origem dessa última via dopaminérgica. Este trabalho buscou compreender o papel da DA nas respostas defensivas em modelos comportamentais de pânico, permitindo o conhecimento da mediação dopaminérgica em estruturas mesencefálicas, como a SCPd. Os experimentos conduzidos basearam-se na estimulação elétrica da SCPd, e na aplicação de dopamina por vias central e intranasal (IN), no teste do labirinto em T elevado, no de campo aberto e modelo de confronto entre presa e predador. A DA-IN, na dose de 2 mg/kg, aumenta o limiar de fuga dos animais submetidos à estimulação elétrica da SCPd e o pré- tratamento com Sulpirida reverteu o efeito da DA-IN no limiar de fuga de ratos submetidos à estimulação elétrica da SCPd, sugerindo uma mediação desse efeito por receptores do tipo D2.
Title in English
Effects of intranasal dopamine on the defensive responses of rats in panic behavioral models: participation of dopaminergic receptors type D2
Keywords in English
Defensive behaviour
Dopaminergic receptors type D2
Dopaminergic system
Experimental models of panic attack
Abstract in English
The individual who suffers from pathological anxiety developing an expectation of danger or future threat to his/her priority which generally makes him/her vulnerable to the occurrence of panic disorder. Pre-clinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the activation of fear circuits in this psychiatric disease, with the dorsal periaqueductal grey matter (dPAG) being the most prominent neural substrate. Because it is located in the midbrain, the dPAG modules outputs information generated by structures that comprises the encephalic defense system. Its electrical stimulation produces defensive responses that are suggested to resemble panic attacks. One of the neurotransmitters that seems to control these responses is dopamine (DA) via D1 and D2 type receptors. This neurotransmitter seems to play a dual role in mediating fear responses, since when acting on in the mesocorticolimbic pathway originating from the ventral tegmental area of the midbrain, the learned fear seems to be facilitated, while acting on dorsal mesencephalic structures, such as the dPAG, seems to inhibit fear-related responses. However, the origin of this former dopaminergic pathway is unknown. This work aimed to understand the role of DA in defensive responses displayed by rats in behavioural models of panic, clarifying the dopaminergic mediation in mesencephalic structures, such as dPAG. The experiments performed were electrical stimulation of the dPAG, and application of dopamine by central and intranasal (IN) routes, the elevated T maze test, the open field test and the confrontation between prey (rats) and predators (venomous snakes). DA-IN, in a dose of 2 mg / kg, increases the escape threshold of animals submitted to the electrical stimulation of SCPd, and the pretreatment of Sulpiride reversed the effect of DA-IN on escape threshold of rats stimulated in SCPd, suggesting a mediation of this effect by dopaminergic type D2 receptors.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-06-18
 
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