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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2008.tde-28072008-211159
Document
Author
Full name
Renato Augusto Zorzo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Costa, José Abrão Cardeal da (President)
Lima, Eleonora Moreira
Tucci Junior, Silvio
 
Title in Portuguese
Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de 121 crianças e adolescentes com doença renal crônica: 22 anos de experiência do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo
Keywords in Portuguese
Adolescentes
Crianças
Doença Renal Crônica
Epidemiologia
Abstract in Portuguese
A doença renal crônica (DRC) atinge cada vez mais uma parcela significativa da população, e entre os pacientes adultos as doenças metabólicas são as principais causas, respondendo por aproximadamente 70% dos pacientes em tratamento dialítico. Porém, há poucas publicações sobre levantamento epidemiológico de DRC em crianças disponíveis na literatura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico das crianças e adolescentes com DRC atendidos pelo Serviço de Nefrologia Pediátrica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), contemplando 22 anos de experiência. Para tanto, foram revisados 121 prontuários e coletadas 21 variáveis de cada um deles. Do total, 58,7% eram do sexo masculino, e 41,3% do sexo feminino. A média de idade de entrada foi 59,1 meses. Os pacientes menores que 5 anos somaram 62,5% do total. Os pacientes procedentes de Ribeirão Preto ou de cidades com até 300km de distância somaram 63% dos casos. As causas básicas de DRC foram: uropatias (48,8%), glomerulopatias (20,7%), displasias renais congênitas ou policísticas (7,4%), vasculopatias (6,6%), tubulopatias (2,5%), outras causas (7,4%) e causa indeterminada (6,6%). Das glomerulopatias, os tipos histológicos encontrados foram a glomeruloesclerose segmentar e focal (GESF) (25,0%), a proliferação mesangial difusa (PMD) (20,8%), a glomerulonefrite (GN) avançada (12,5%), a glomerulonefrite crescêntica (GNC) (8,3%) e a Síndrome de Alport (8,3%), sendo que 4,2% dos casos foram considerados indeterminados e 20,8% dos pacientes não foram submetidos a biópsia. A grande maioria dos pacientes (59,8%) tinha estatura abaixo do 5º percentil para idade e sexo no momento do diagnóstico. O tempo de seguimento clínico variou de 2 a 263 meses, com média de 67,5 meses. A creatinina sérica no momento do diagnóstico variou de 0,5 a 12,1 mg/dL, com média igual a 3,0 mg/dL. A média de RFG calculado pela Fórmula de Schwartz no momento do diagnóstico foi 27,4 mL/min/1,73m2. A maioria dos casos (62,3%) chegou ao serviço em DRC estágios 4, 5 ou em diálise. Hipertensão arterial (HA) foi detectada em 56,2% dos pacientes em algum momento do curso clínico. Acidose metabólica foi detectada em 53,7% dos pacientes no momento do diagnóstico. Do total de pacientes, 38,0% foram submetidos a tratamento dialítico, sendo as modalidades peritoneais preferidas em 80,4% dos casos. Transplante renal foi realizado em 24,8% dos pacientes, sendo as proporções de doador vivo relacionado (DVR) e doador cadáver (DC) semelhantes. A proporção de óbitos no período do estudo foi 22,3%. Dos demais pacientes, 17,4% foram transferidos para seguimento pela Clínica Médica do HCFMRP-USP, e 38,8% dos casos ainda estavam em seguimento pela Nefrologia Pediátrica em dezembro de 2005. Concluímos que a população estudada mostrou características clínico-epidemiológicas semelhantes às publicações nacionais e internacionais consultadas.
 
Title in English
Clinical and epidemiological profiles of 121 children and adolescents with chronic renal disease: 22 years of experience of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo
Keywords in English
Adolescents
Children
Chronic Renal Failure
Epidemiology
Abstract in English
The prevalence of chronic renal failure (CRF) increases every day, and among adult patients, the principal causes are metabolic diseases, responsible to almost 70% of patients who are under dialysis. However, there are few studies regarding epidemiologic data of CRF in children. The objective of this study was to describe clinical and epidemiological profiles of children and adolescents with CRF who have been followed up by the Pediatric Nephrology Team of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRP-USP), along 22 years of experience. Data of 121 medical records have been reviewed, and 21 variables have been collected from each of them. From the total of the patients, 58.7% were male and 41.3% were female. The average of age of registration was 59.1 months. Patients who were younger than 5 years summed 62.5% of all. From the total of patients, 63% lived in Ribeirão Preto or in cities until 300km far. The primary renal diseases described were: uropathies (48.8%), glomerulopathies (20.7%), congenital or polycystic renal dysplasia (7.4%), vasculopathies (6.6%), tubular diseases (2.5%), miscellaneous (7.4%) and unknown causes (6.6%). Among the glomerulopathies group, the histological patterns described were: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (25.0%), Diffuse Mesangial Proliferation (20.8%), Advanced Glomerulonephritis (12.5%), Crescentic Glomerulonephritis (8.3%) and the Alport Syndrome (8.3%). From total of biopsies, 4.2% were not able to define a diagnosis, and 20.8% of the glomerulopathies' patients were not undergone renal biopsy. From the total, 59.8% of the patients were under the 5o percentile of the NCHS curve in their registration, related to their height. The follow up showed a variation of 2 to 263 months, which average was 67.5 months. The blood creatinine level showed a variation of 0.5 to 12.1 mg/dL, which average was 3.0 mg/dL. The average Glomerular Filtration Rate, estimated by the Schwartz's formula, was 27.4 mL/min/1,73m2. At the onset, 62.3% of the patients were classified at the stages 4, 5 or under dialysis. Hypertension was described in 56.2% of the patients at any time of the follow up. Metabolic acidosis was described in 53.7% of the patients at the onset. Patients who underwent dialysis summed 38.0%, and the peritoneal modalities performed 80.4% of all cases. Renal transplantation was performed in 24.8% of the patients, with similar proportions of live-related and cadaveric donors. The proportion of deaths during the 22 years of study was 22.3% of all. The rest of them were delivered to the Clinical Team of the HCFMRP-USP (17.4%) or still had been followed up by the Pediatric Nephrology Team by December 2005 (38.8%). We concluded that the population described had similar clinical and epidemiological characteristics to the other Brazilian and international data available.
 
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Publishing Date
2008-09-03
 
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