Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2018.tde-18072018-171206
Document
Author
Full name
Karolyne Dell Ducas
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Santos, Antonio Carlos dos (President)
Júnior, Jorge Elias
Levy, Cilmara Cristina Alves da Costa
Murta Junior, Luiz Otavio
Title in Portuguese
Conectividade estrutural e rede de modo padrão em surdos profundos
Keywords in Portuguese
Conectividade cerebral
Imagem por Ressonância Magnética
Língua de sinais
Rede de modo padrão
Surdez
Abstract in Portuguese
A perda auditiva consiste na perda, parcial ou total, da capacidade de ouvir determinados sons e compreensão de palavras. De acordo com o Censo Demográco do ano de 2000, o Brasil apresenta aproximadamente 5.700.000 de indivíduos com surdez, sendo deste total aproximadamente 2 milhões de indivíduos possuidores de perda auditiva severa e profunda. Atualmente diversos estudos têm sido realizados a m de vericar a plasticidade neural e o processo de linguagem em indivíduos surdos, entretanto pouco se conhece acerca do funcionamento do cérebro em repouso, e.g. a rede de modo padrão. O objetivo deste estudo é observar e analisar como se manifesta a organização neuronal, tanto funcional quanto estrutural, em surdos, no estado de repouso. Foram utilizadas imagens fMRI, para a obtenção de dados a respeito do funcionamento cerebral em seu estado de repouso basal, e imagens DTI, a m de se determinar as conexões neuronais. Os dados dos mapas de conectividade funcional e estrutural foram comparados com os achados denidos para sujeitos ouvintes. Nossos achados ilustram que o indivíduo surdo têm maior suporte para a atenção dirigida à tomada de decisão, monitoramento ambiental baseado nos movimentos de objetos e também no controle motor e visual. Podemos armar que a privação auditiva não oferece barreiras intransponíveis para o convívio familiar ou social, sendo o indivíduo surdo tão produtivo e capaz quanto qualquer outro, desde que a abordagem linguística seja condizente com suas capacidades sensoriais.
Title in English
Structural brain connectivity and default mode network in profound deafness
Keywords in English
Deafness
Default mode network
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Abstract in English
Hearing loss consists of partial or total loss of the ability to hear certain sounds and comprehension of words. According to the Brazilian Demographic Census of the year 2000, there are approximately 5,700,000 deaf individuals, of which approximately 2 million of them have severe and profound hearing loss. Several studies have now been carried out to verify neural plasticity and the language process in deaf individuals, however little is known about the brain functioning at rest, e.g. the network in standard mode. The objective of this study is to observe and analyze how neuronal organization, both in terms of functional and structural brain networks, is manifested in deaf individuals at resting state. We used fMRI images to obtain data on brain functioning in its basal state of rest and DTI images in order to determine neural connections. The data from the functional and structural connectivity maps were compared with the dened ndings for hearing subjects. Our ndings illustrate that the deaf individual has greater support for attention directed to decision making, environmental monitoring based on movement of objects and also on motor and visual control. We can arm that hearing deprivation does not oer impossible barriers to family or social life, being the deaf individual as productive and capable as any other, since the linguistic approach is consistent with their sensorial capacities.
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Publishing Date
2018-11-21