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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2019.tde-13082021-080322
Document
Author
Full name
Evangelina Inácio Namburete
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Bollela, Valdes Roberto (President)
Gaspar, Gilberto Gambero
Martinez, Roberto
Ruffino Netto, Antonio
Title in Portuguese
Diversidade genômica das cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis da região centro de Moçambique
Keywords in Portuguese
Filogenia
Moçambique
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Resistência às drogas
Sequenciamento genômico
Abstract in Portuguese
O sequenciamento genômico total (WGS) descreve de forma abrangente a epidemiologia molecular da tuberculose (TB) através da detecção de variantes de sequência genômica, para predizer os fenótipos de TB resistente às drogas (DR-TB) e, dessa forma, orientar a tomada de decisões clínicas. Identifica, ainda, linhagens e guia à vigilância da TB e permite o reconhecimento de cepas geneticamente relacionadas facilitando, assim, a compreensão de cadeias de transmissão, permitindo direcionar os esforços de controle da TB no mundo. Este é um dos primeiros estudos utilizando WGS, o qual descreve as cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) causadoras de DR-TB na cidade da Beira, região central de Moçambique, onde a frequência da TB­-DR tem aumentado nos últimos cinco anos. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a diversidade genética de cepas de M. tuberculosis causadoras de DR­-TB na Beira. Um total de 35 cepas obtidas de isolados da Beira, foram avaliadas utilizando testes genotípicos de susceptibilidade (MTBDRplusTM e MTBDRslTM) e submetidos à WGS. A análise de WGS incluiu identificação de variantes, identificação de mutações de resistência às drogas, análise filogenética e investigação de relações entre as cepas com base em diferença nos single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Este foi um estudo descritivo transversal. Os 35 isolados que foram analisados pertencem a três das sete principais linhagens de M. tuberculosis: Linhagem 4: 25 (71,4%); Linhagem 1: 5 (14,3%) e Linhagem 2 que inclui família Beijing: 5 (14,3%). Dos 35 isolados que foram analisados pelo WGS, 32 (91,6%) apresentaram alguma resistência às drogas, sendo 1 (3,1%) XDR-­TB e 5 (15,6%) cepas pré­-XDR : 2 da linhagem 4 sub-­linhagem 3 Latin-­American-Mediterranean (LAM) e 1 de Lineage 2 família Beijing. Também demonstramos que algumas cepas estavam intimamente relacionadas, evidenciando três possíveis cadeias de transmissão neste grupo estudado.
Title in English
Genetic diversity of strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from central region of Mozambique
Keywords in English
Drug­-resistant
Mozambique
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Phylogeny
Whole genome sequencing
Abstract in English
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) comprehensively describes molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) through the detection of genomic sequence variants, to predict drug-resistant TB (DR-­TB) phenotypes and guide clinical decisions; identify strains, lineages and resistance mechanisms for TB surveillance; and permits the recognition of genetically related strains for the resolution of transmission chains to direct TB control efforts. As far as we know this is the first study using WGS that describes genetically related strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) causing DR-TB in Beira city, Mozambique where DR-TB is rising. We aim to describe genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains causing DR-TB in Beira City, Mozambique. A total of 35 strains from Beira, central region of Mozambique was evaluated with molecular genotypic drug susceptibility tests (DST) based on MTBDRplusTM and MTBDRslTM. WGS analysis included variant identification, drug resistance prediction, phylogenetic analysis, and investigating strain relatedness. This was a descriptive cross­-sectional study. Total of 35 strains analyzed belongs to three of seven major M. tuberculosis lineages: Lineage 4: 25(71.4%); Lineage 1: 5(14.3%); and Lineage 2 Beijing family: 5(14.3%). Among the 35 strains, 32(91.6%) had any drug resistance detected, of these, 1 (3,1%) XDR-­TB and 5 (15,6%) were pre­-XDR strains, 2 of them from lineage 4.3 Latin-American Mediterranean (LAM) and 1 from Lineage 2 Beijing Family. Compared to molecular tests, WGS had better performance in detecting drug resistance to Fluoroquinolones. No mutations were detected in inhA gene, to confer resistance to INH. The DR-TB disease in Beira Mozambique is mainly caused by M. tuberculosis strains of Lineage 4.3 (LAM), Beijing family's stains are emerging M. tuberculosis driving DR-TB in Beira, and lineage 1 is also implicated with TB disease in the region. The occurrence of genetically related strains obtained from the same laboratory demonstrates a need to reinforce infection control practices in healthcare facilities and communities in Beira.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-08-13
 
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