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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2021.tde-04102021-155612
Document
Author
Full name
Alvaro Henrique Neto
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2021
Supervisor
Committee
Rodrigues, Maria Carolina de Oliveira (President)
Müller, Carolina de Souza
Oliveira, Fabíola Reis de
Oliveira, Gislane Lelis Vilela de
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação do impacto do transplante autólogo de células-tronco hematopoiéticas sobre a vasculopatia em pacientes com esclerose sistêmica
Keywords in Portuguese
Esclerose sistêmica
Marcadores de lesão endotelial
Transplante de células tronco hematopoiéticas
Vasculopatia
Abstract in Portuguese
A esclerose sistêmica (ES) é uma doença crônica autoimune caracterizada por uma associação de processos fisiopatológicos, como disfunção vascular, inflamação e fibrose progressiva da pele e de órgãos internos. A lesão microvascular na ES é um processo complexo, com diversos aspectos disfuncionais simultâneos que interagem entre si. A injúria inicial de células endoteliais desencadeia diversas alterações que culminarão em fibrose, fazendo com que a ES possa ser definida como "doença microvascular fibrosante". Nas últimas décadas, o transplante autólogo de células tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) vem ganhando espaço no tratamento dos pacientes com ES, com resultados relevantes quanto à melhora da pele e do acometimento pulmonar. Contudo, existem poucos estudos sobre o impacto desta opção terapêutica sobre a vasculopatia associada à doença. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo geral avaliar se o TCTH afeta a microvasculatura de pacientes com ES. Para esse fim, propusemos um estudo longitudinal e retrospectivo, com 35 pacientes com diagnóstico de ES submetidos ao TCTH e seguidos pelo período de 36 meses. Durante o seguimento, os pacientes foram semestralmente submetidos a capilaroscopia, tomografia computadorizada de tórax, espirometria com avaliação de difusão de monóxido de carbono (DLCO), ecocardiograma, pontuação do escore modificado de Rodnan e coleta de exames laboratoriais que incluíram marcadores de lesão e ativação endotelial (IL6, fator de Von Willebrand, CXCL8, EGF, VEGFA, pentraxina 3, E-selectina, trombomodulina, P-selectina, CXCL4, VCAM1, ICAM1, endotelina 1, IL18). Como resultados clínicos, encontramos melhora progressiva e sustentada do quadro cutâneo e estabilização do quadro pulmonar. Na avaliação de capilaroscopia periungueal, houve melhora do padrão de arquitetura e distribuição capilar. Os marcadores séricos associados ao endotélio mantiveram-se estáveis durante o período de acompanhamento. Concluímos que o TCTH melhora alguns aspectos da vasculopatia presente na ES, o que reforça a ideia de que esta terapia é uma alternativa viável de tratamento para pacientes selecionados e em momento oportuno da doença.
Title in English
Impact of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on the vasculopathy of patients with systemic sclerosis
Keywords in English
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Markers of endothelial injury
Systemic sclerosis
Vasculopathy
Abstract in English
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by an association of pathophysiological processes, including vascular dysfunction, inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. The microvascular lesion in SSc is a complex process with simultaneous dysfunctional aspects that interact with each other. The initial injury to the endothelium triggers several alterations that culminate in fibrosis, defining SSc as a "fibrotic microvascular disease". In the last decades, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been chosen as treatment for SSc patients, with significant results in the improvement of skin and lung involvement. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of this therapeutic option on SSc-associated vasculopathy. Thus, this study aims to assess whether HSCT affects the microvasculature of patients with SSc. To that end, we proposed a longitudinal and retrospective study, with 35 SSc patients undergoing HSCT, followed for a period of 36 months. During follow-up, patients underwent semiannual periungueal capillaroscopy evaluations, high-resolution pulmonary computed tomography, spirometry with DLCO assessment, echocardiogram, modified Rodnans score and collection of blood samples for laboratory tests that included markers of injury and activation of the endothelium (IL6, Von Willebrand factor, CXCL8, EGF, VEGFA, pentraxin 3, E-selectin, thrombomodulin, P-selectin, CXCL4, VCAM1, ICAM1, endothelin 1, IL18). As results, we found progressive and sustained improvement of the skin condition and stabilization of the pulmonary involvement. The capillaroscopy evaluations showed improvement in the pattern of microvascular architecture and distribution. The endothelial markers remained stable in the serum during the follow-up period. We conclude that HSCT is able to at least partially improve the vasculopathy present in SSc, which reinforces the idea that procedure is a viable treatment alternative for selected patients and at an opportune time in disease course.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-11-22
 
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