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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2022.tde-08112022-174233
Document
Author
Full name
Mariana Medeiros
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Annichini, Maria Sol Brassesco (President)
Leopoldino, Andréia Machado
Santos, Tiago Góss dos
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação comparativa dos efeitos antitumorais dos inibidores de NF-κB DHMEQ, DTCM-g e SEMBL em sarcoma de Ewing
Keywords in Portuguese
Câncer infantil
Inibidores químicos
NF-κB
Sarcoma de Ewing
Abstract in Portuguese
O sarcoma de Ewing (SE) é um tipo de neoplasia óssea infanto-juvenil (0 a 19 anos), que corresponde a cerca de 2% de todos os cânceres infantis. O tratamento se baseia principalmente em poliquimioterapia, porém em muitos casos ocorre recidiva e no caso de doença metastática há resistência ao tratamento. Desta forma, a busca por novos alvos terapêuticos é necessária. O fator de transcrição nuclear kappa B (NF-κB) é um bom candidato por regular diversos processos celulares. Diante disso, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar de forma comparativa o potencial terapêutico da inibição de NF-κB em SE por meio dos inibidores DHMEQ, DTCM-g e SEMBL. Para isso, foram realizadas análises in silico e testes in vitro após inibição de NF-κB na linhagem TC-32. Os resultados mostraram que amostras de SE possuem elevada expressão de RELA, REL e NFKB2 e baixa expressão de NFKB1; além de linhagens celulares derivadas de SE apresentarem dependência gênica da via NF-κB. Nos testes in vitro todos os inibidores de NF-κB foram capazes de reduzir a viabilidade celular de forma dose-dependente, sendo o SEMBL e o DHMEQ os mais eficazes. Em contrapartida, os mesmos apresentaram baixo ou nenhum efeito sinérgico e aditivo quando combinados com Doxorubicina (DXR). Com relação à migração, os três compostos foram capazes de reduzi-la, sendo o SEMBL o mais potente. Em modelo 3D, os inibidores de NF-κB aumentaram o diâmetro dos esferoides em decorrência da perda de integridade (esfericidade). A inibição de NF-κB também induziu a mudança na expressão gênica de algumas das subunidades de NF-κB (RELA, RELB e NFKB1) e de alguns alvos moleculares (BAX, PLAU e MMP9). Desta forma, a via do NF-κB de um modo geral se apresenta como um bom alvo terapêutico em SE e a sua inibição leva à redução de processos celulares que promovem (viabilidade, migração, integridade da estrutura 3D) e aumento de processos que inibem (morte celular) a progressão tumoral.
Title in English
Comparative evaluation of the antitumor effects of NF-κB inhibitors DHMEQ, DTCM-g and SEMBL in Ewing's sarcoma
Keywords in English
Chemical inhibitors
Childhood cancer
Ewing's sarcoma
NF-κB
Abstract in English
Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) is a type of childhood bone neoplasm (0 to 19 years old), that accounts for about 2% of all childhood cancers. Treatment is mainly based on multidrug therapy, but in many cases, there is relapse and metastatic disease due to resistance. Thus, the search for new therapeutic targets is necessary. The nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a good candidate as a regulator of several cellular processes. Therefore, the present study aimed to comparatively evaluate the therapeutic potential of NF-κB inhibition in SE by the inhibitors DHMEQ, DTCM-g, and SEMBL. For this, in silico analyzes and in vitro tests were performed after NF-κB inhibition in the TC-32 cell line. The results showed that SE samples present high expression of RELA, REL, and NFKB2 and low expression of NFKB1; in addition to SE-derived cell lines showing gene dependence on the NF-κB pathway. In in vitro tests, all NF-κB inhibitors were able to reduce cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with SEMBL and DHMEQ being the most effective. In contrast, they showed little or no synergistic and additive effects when combined with Doxorubicin (DXR). Regarding migration, the three compounds were able to reduce it, with SEMBL being the most potent. In a 3D model, the NF-κB inhibitors increased the diameter of the spheroids as a result of the loss of integrity (sphericity). Inhibition of NF-κB also induced changes in gene expression of some NF-κB subunits (RELA, RELB, and NFKB1) and some of its molecular targets (BAX, PLAU, and MMP9). In this way, the NF-κB pathway, in general, presents itself as a good therapeutic target in SE and its inhibition leads to the reduction of cellular processes that promote it (viability, migration, integrity of the 3D structure) and increase of processes that inhibit (cell death) tumor progression.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-11-23
 
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