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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.16.2018.tde-19122017-115011
Document
Author
Full name
Gabriel de Andrade Fernandes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Sandeville Junior, Euler (President)
Carranza, Edite Galote Rodrigues
Silva, Marcos Virgílio da
Title in Portuguese
Entre ambientes, (contra)culturas e naturezas. O emergente discurso ambiental na arquitetura dos anos 1960 e 1970 a partir de Buckminster Fuller, Ian McHarg e Murray Bookchin
Keywords in Portuguese
Ambientalismo
Arquitetura ecológica
Contracultura
Meio-ambiente
Abstract in Portuguese
O trabalho busca estabelecer um panorama das várias manifestações do então emergente discurso ambientalista em meio à cultura arquitetônica dos anos 1960 e 1970, bem como identificar suas principais características, recorrências e contradições. Para tanto, limitou-se a análise de veículos e meios de difusão de ideias arquitetônicas ao contexto anglófono e em especial àquele relacionado à efervescente contracultura verificada nos Estados Unidos da América no período recortado. O período escolhido se justifica pela condição de protagonismo que eventualmente assumiu o discurso ambiental neste momento em diversos círculos profissionais, acadêmicos e culturais relacionados à arquitetura. Tal panorama é complementado pelo desenvolvimento de um itinerário interpretativo dessas várias manifestações discursivas a partir de recortes e fragmentos das obras de Buckminster Fuller, Ian McHarg e Murray Bookchin, entre outros autores, através das quais pudemos evidenciar determinadas recorrências e contradições. Finalmente, a partir de tal itinerário, pode-se promover uma discussão a respeito da maneira como ideias como "natureza", "ambiente", "tecnologia" e "cultura" foram mobilizadas nos diferentes discursos com diferentes fins. Tal itinerário é precedido de uma revisitação crítica a alguns episódios e personagens célebres da contracultura ambientalista norteamericana. Neste sentido, o trabalho contribui ao estudo das relações entre a cultura arquitetônica, o ambientalismo e a contracultura, bem como estabelece interfaces entre a história da arquitetura, os estudos de paisagem e a história ambiental.
Title in English
Among environments, (counter)cultures and natures. The emerging environmentalist discourse in architecture from 1960s and 1970s through the ideas of Buckminster Fuller, Ian McHarg and Murray Bookchin.
Keywords in English
Counterculture
Ecological architecture
Environment
Environmentalism
Abstract in English
This work aims to present a panoramic picture of the various manifestations of then emerging environmental discourse among architectural culture from the 1960s and 1970s, as well as identify a its main characteristics, frequent elements and contradictions. In order to achieve such goal, the analysis of the architectural ideas spreading media was limited to the anglophone context, and particularly to the American one. The chosen timespan is justified by the fact that environmentalism assumed a protagonist role in social discourses around those times, among architectural related professional, scholarly and cultural circles. Such panoramic view is completed by the development of an interpretative itinerary on those various discursive manifestations made of and through excerpts and fragments of Buckminster Fuller's, Ian McHarg's and Murray Bookchin's works, among other authors, from which we could make evident some recurrences and contradictions. Finally, departing from such itinerary, a discussion on the ways that ideas like "nature", "environment", "technology" and "culture" were used on different discourses with different aims could be achieved. Such itinerary is preceded by a critical reunion with some of the most eminent episodes and characters from environmental counterculture in the United States. In this sense, this work contributes to the study of the relationships of architectural culture, environmentalism and counterculture, as well as it establishes interfaces between architectural history, landscape studies and environmental history.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-11-29
 
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