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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.16.2020.tde-29042021-095355
Document
Author
Full name
Karen Pessoa Freire
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Barone, Ana Claudia Castilho (President)
Kantor, Iris
Fridman, Fania
Title in Portuguese
Quilombos nas bordas do ouro: conflitos entre negros e agentes lusitanos pelo domínio do Campo Grande no século XVIII
Keywords in Portuguese
Capitania de Minas Gerais
Expansão territorial portuguesa no século XVIII
Malha territorial
Quilombos
Rede quilombola
Abstract in Portuguese
A zona que era conhecida como sertão do Campo Grande abrange áreas junto às nascentes dos rios São Francisco e Paranaíba e parte do rio Grande (nomes atuais), na fronteira entre as capitanias de Goiás, Minas Gerais e São Paulo, tendo sido palco de conflitos entre quilombolas e agentes da coroa portuguesa no século XVIII. Esta pesquisa busca compreender as características dos quilombos que povoavam tais paragens e procura, também, avaliar o processo de conquista das mesmas pelos súditos lusitanos, que buscavam novas terras para colonização e exploração de recursos naturais. Para isso analisamos registros de campanhas militares, organizadas pelo Estado português em meados daquele século, que apresentam mapas das regiões exploradas. Viabilizando a leitura espacial unificada desses mapas históricos, o trabalho transpõe a localização dos quilombos e outros dados deles extraídos para a cartografia atual. O exame dos documentos produzidos nos momentos de conflito entre quilombolas e luso-americanos nos revelam os critérios e estratégias de estabelecimento de povoamentos desses grupos, antagônicos em suas organizações sociopolíticas e culturais, que se rivalizaram pelo domínio desse planalto fértil e abundantemente irrigado. A partir das fontes primárias analisadas, constatamos que os quilombos do Campo Grande contavam com roças, pilões e manufaturas, possuíam diversificadas organizações sociopolíticas e estavam interligados uns aos outros, constituindo uma rede quilombola. Com arranjos político-sociais próprios, tais povoados eram combatidos pelos luso-americanos, que organizavam tropas armadas para eliminar esses inimigos da coroa portuguesa. Tais áreas foram apropriadas pelo Estado lusitano através da implantação de estradas, ranchos para descanso e abastecimento de tropas, fazendas e povoados destinados aos súditos da coroa Bragança sobre os quilombos que destruíam. Dessa maneira, tais quilombos podem ser compreendidos com precursores da malha territorial de parte da região que atualmente integra o "triângulo mineiro".
Title in English
Quilombos at the borders of gold mines: conflicts between blacks and Portuguese agents over Campo Grande territory in the XVIII Century.
Keywords in English
Captaincy of Minas Gerais
Portuguese territorial expansion in the XVIIIth Century
Quilombola community network
Quilombos
Territorial network
Abstract in English
The region which used to be known as countryside of Campo Grande is the place of origin irrigated by several sources of São Francisco e Paranaíba Rivers (those are their current names), on the border between Goiás, Minas Gerais and São Paulo. Over the Eighteenth Century, quilombolas and agents from the Portuguese Crown disputed over those areas. This research aims to assess the main characteristics of the quilombos that existed in Campo Grande backlands. It also investigates that region's conquering process by Portuguese vassals, who sought new lands for colonization and the exploitation of natural resources. With this purpose, I analyze documents on Portuguese state's military expeditions in the midcentury, which comprise maps from the region to be explored. Enabling the unified spatial reading of these historical maps, this work also cross-references the ancient location of the quilombos and other information gathered from official documents with the recent cartography. The analysis of the documents, produced during the episodes of conflicts between quilombolas and Portuguese-Americans, reveals both groups' criteria and strategies for the land's settlement and occupation. With antagonistic sociopolitical and cultural organization, both groups competed for dominance of this fertile and abundantly irrigated plateau. The primary sources consulted indicate that Campo Grande quilombos were well equipped with plantations and manufacturing production, had diverse socio-political organizations and were interconnected to each other, constituting a quilombola community network. Such areas have been appropriated by the Portuguese State through the implementation of roads, ranches to rest and supply troops, farms and settlements destined to the vassals of the Crown Bragança over the quilombos they destroyed. Therefore, such quilombos can be understood as precursors of the territorial network of part of the region that currently integrates the Minas Gerais state.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-06-07
 
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