Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.16.2020.tde-29032021-141901
Document
Author
Full name
Jonas Delecave de Amorim
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Lira, José Tavares Correia de (President)
Barros, Luiz Antonio Recaman
Martins, Carlos Alberto Ferreira
Passaro, Laís Bronstein
Silvestri, Graciela
Title in Portuguese
Uma disciplina em crise: disputas pela arquitetura na Escuelita de Buenos Aires (1976-1983)
Keywords in Portuguese
Argentina
Ensino de arquitetura
História da arquitetura
Historiografia
La Escuelita
Século XX
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente tese tem como objeto de estudo a experiência em ensino de arquitetura conhecida como La Escuelita, desenvolvida na cidade de Buenos Aires durante a última ditadura militar argentina, entre 1976 e 1983. Marcada por uma grande fragilidade institucional, a Escuelita ofereceu cursos independentes em projeto e história da arquitetura para arquitetos ou alunos nos últimos anos da graduação. Fundada por quatro arquitetos - Tony Díaz, Ernesto Katzenstein, Justo Solsona e Rafael Viñoly -, a experiência de ensino teve suas dinâmicas transformadas constantemente ao longo de sua curta duração. Argumentamos que coexistiram, em seu interior, diferentes discursos sobre a própria disciplina (os seus procedimentos, potenciais, limitações e possíveis relações com a história), constituídos a partir do reconhecimento das crises que a arquitetura atravessava nos anos 1960 e 1970, tanto na Argentina como internacionalmente. Ao mesmo tempo, foram realizadas significativas transformações historiográficas, inicialmente nucleadas ao redor de Jorge Francisco Liernur, que recolocaram a história da arquitetura em um campo intelectual mais abrangente. A pesquisa busca compreender as particularidades destes discursos, assim como os modos em que se relacionaram entre si e nos campos cultural e social do qual fizeram parte. Sempre marcada pela ditadura militar, que a definiu e contextualizou, a Escuelita foi, por fim, um fundamental espaço de sociabilidade nos anos mais difíceis da história recente daquele país. Estudá-la permite compreender melhor a cultura arquitetônica argentina daqueles anos e, a partir de suas interlocuções, iluminar diferentes nós de uma rede internacional de circulação de ideias da qual fez parte.
Title in English
A discipline in crisis: disputes over architecture at La Escuelita of Buenos Aires (1976-1983).
Keywords in English
20th century
Architectural education
Argentina
Historiography
History of architecture
La Escuelita
Abstract in English
The dissertation focuses on the pedagogical experience in architecture known as La Escuelita, developed in the city of Buenos Aires during the last Argentine military dictatorship, between 1976 and 1983. Marked by a great institutional fragility, La Escuelita offered independent courses in design and architectural history for architects or students in the last years of undergraduate studies. Founded by four architects - Tony Díaz, Ernesto Katzenstein, Justo Solsona and Rafael Viñoly - the pedagogical experience had its dynamics constantly transformed throughout its short duration. We argue that different discourses on the discipline (its procedures, potentials, limitations and possible relations to its own history), coexisted in its interior, constituted from the recognition of the crises that architecture was going through in the 1960s and 1970s, both in Argentina and internationally. At the same time, significant historiographic transformations were carried out, initially around Jorge Francisco Liernur, which placed the history of architecture in a broader intellectual field. This research seeks to understand the particularities of these discourses, as well as the ways in which they related to each other and to the cultural and social fields of which they were part. Always marked by the military dictatorship, which defined and contextualized it, La Escuelita was also a fundamental space for social encounters in the most difficult years of that country's recent history. Studying it allows us to better understand the Argentine architectural culture of those years and, from its dialogues, to illuminate different nodes of an international network of circulation of ideas of which it was part.
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Publishing Date
2021-04-13