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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.14.2022.tde-14062022-155653
Document
Author
Full name
Brenda Almeida Santos
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Ynoue, Rita Yuri (President)
Krusche, Nisia
Palmeira, Ana Cristina Pinto de Almeida
Title in Portuguese
Situações meteorológicas associadas a nevoeiro e operação comboio no sistema Anchieta-Imigrantes
Keywords in Portuguese
Nevoeiro
Operação Comboio
Sistemas Meteorológicos
Abstract in Portuguese
Neste trabalho, foram feitas análises dos sistemas meteorológicos associados tanto aos nevoeiros da EM/IAG quanto daqueles que iniciaram as Operações Comboio no Sistema Anchieta-Imigrantes em 2015. Para isso foram utilizados dados de estações meteorológicas do IAG e de Itutinga, registro de Operação Comboio (OC), dados de reanálises, METAR e radiossondagens, cartas sinóticas e imagens de radar e satélite. A maior parte dos nevoeiros da EM/IAG ocorre predominantemente no inverno e o número de dias com nevoeiro tem diminuído ao longo do tempo. Dos nevoeiros que ocorreram no inverno de 2007, 57% foram radiativos e 43% advectivos. A brisa marítima contribuiu com 43% dos nevoeiros radiativos e 14% dos nevoeiros advectivos. A Alta Pós-frontal contribuiu para 25% dos nevoeiros radiativos e 86% dos advectivos e a ASAS esteve presente em 32% dos nevoeiros radiativos. Em 2015, foram registrados 50 nevoeiros, 49 deles foram classificados como radiativos (44% devido à BM e 30% devido à APF). A OC ocorre em maior número na primavera e é mais frequente na Rodovia Anchieta quando comparada com a Rodovia dos Imigrantes. A partir de 2012, houve, em média, aproximadamente 568 OC na Rodovia Anchieta e 423 na dos Imigrantes. Há um maior número de OC iniciando à tarde, seguido do período da noite. Das 87 OCs estudadas para o ano de 2015, a brisa marítima contribuiu em 38% dos casos, seguida da alta pós-frontal, com 31%. Em geral, a umidade é fornecida por advecção de umidade da brisa marítima ou da alta pós-frontal e, por vezes, de algum sistema precipitante resultante da passagem de um sistema frontal ou de alguma instabilidade termodinâmica. A esse aporte de umidade se adiciona a diminuição de temperatura, causada pela entrada da brisa marítima, pelo ar pós-frontal ou mesmo pela perda de radiação noturna. Apesar de ser possível identificar o sistema meteorológico associado ao início da OC, nem sempre se consegue determinar o que de fato gerou o nevoeiro.
Title in English
Weather conditions associated with fog and operação comboio in the Anchieta-Imigrantes system
Keywords in English
Fog
Operação Comboio
Weather Conditions
Abstract in English
Meteorological systems associated with both the Meteorological Station of the Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences (EM/IAG) fog and those that started the Operações Comboio (OC) in the Anchieta-Imigrantes System in 2015 were investigated. For this, data from EM/IAG and Meteorological Station of Itutinga, OC record, reanalysis data, METAR, atmospheric soundings, synoptic charts and radar and satellite images were used. Most EM/IAG fog occurs predominantly in winter and the number of fog days has decreased over time. Of the fogs that occurred in the winter of 2007, 57% were radiative and 43% advective. The sea breeze (SB) contributed with 43% of the radiative fogs and 14% of the advective fogs. The Post-frontal Hight (PFH) contributed to 25% of the radiative fogs and 86% of the advectives and the South Atlantic subtropical high (SASH) was present in 32% of the radiative fogs. In 2015, 50 fogs were recorded, 49 of them were classified as radiative (44% due to SB and 30% due to PFH). OC occurs in greater numbers in the spring and is more frequent on Rodovia Anchieta when compared to Rodovia dos Imigrantes. From 2012, there were annually, on average, approximately 568 OCs on Rodovia Anchieta and 423 on Rodovia dos Imigrantes. There is a greater number of OC starting in the afternoon, followed by the night period. Of the 87 OCs studied for 2015, SB contributed in 38% of cases, followed by PFH, with 31%. In general, moisture is provided by advection by the SB or the PFH, and sometimes from a precipitating system resulting from the passage of a frontal system or from some thermodynamic instability. To this contribution of humidity is added the decrease in temperature, caused by the entrance of the SB, by the post-frontal air or even by the loss of nighttime radiation. Although it is possible to identify the meteorological system that start the OC, it is not always possible to determine what actually generated the fog.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-06-15
 
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