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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.14.2020.tde-15102020-232103
Document
Author
Full name
Loreany Ferreira de Araújo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Almeida, Amaury Augusto de (President)
Boice, Daniel Craig
Costa, Roberto Dell'Aglio Dias da
Sanzovo, Gilberto Carlos
Title in Portuguese
Estudo comparativo da atividade do cometa de órbita quase-parabólica C/1977 R1 (Kohler)
Keywords in Portuguese
astroquímica
cometa Kohler
cometas
Abstract in Portuguese
O C/1977 R1 (Kohler) foi o cometa mais brilhante de 1977 (Marsden e Green, 1985), detentor de um período extremamente longo, superior a 100.000 anos e, portanto, é considerado o caso de um cometa quase-parabólico. Curiosamente, este objeto não atraiu muita atenção de pesquisadores nos observatórios profissionais. Observações de seu espectro, dispostas na literatura, revelaram a emissão de NH, CN, C2 e, possivelmente, de C3, mas nenhuma emissão de OH, NH2 ou CO+. O contínuo era muito fraco, o que significa que o cometa tem a produção de poeira consideravelmente esgotada. Nesta dissertação, deduzimos semi-empiricamente, utilizando o método descrito por de Almeida et al. (1997), taxas de produção de água e hidroxila, a partir das observações fotométricas obtidas do COBS. Nossos resultados são consistentes com aqueles obtidos a partir de observações do radical em (Crovisier et al., 1981; Despois et al., 1981) e um conjunto concentrado de sete observações realizadas por AHearn et al. (1995), em seu trabalho clássico sobre fotometria de banda estreita em 85 cometas. Determinamos as taxas de liberação de água e concluímos que o cometa possui um raio efetivo da ordem de 3,0 (±1,5) km e um raio nuclear mínimo de 0,9 (±0,45) km. Uma fração de área mínima da superfície ativa da ordem de 10-11% (quase no periélio) no hemisfério iluminado pelo Sol justifica a taxa de produção de água resultante da sublimação no núcleo do cometa. Além disso, estas taxas foram comparadas com a dos compostos presentes no espectro do cometa, tendo resultados que levaram a classificá-lo como esgotado em carbono, discordando de estudos preliminares de AHearn et al. (1985). Como forma de expandir a análise, outros 14 cometas jovens e de longo período, observados pelo satélite SWAN, a bordo da espaçonave SOHO e analisados por Combi et al. (2019), foram incluídos, tendo suas taxas de produção de água comparadas com aquelas do cometa Kohler.
Title in English
A comparative study of gas activity in the long-period comet C/1977 R1 (Kohler)
Keywords in English
astrochemistry
comet Kohler
comets
Abstract in English
The C/1977 R1 (Kohler) was considered the brightest comet of 1977 (Marsden e Green, 1985), with an extremely long period of over 100,000 years and is therefore considered as the case of a nearly parabolic comet. Curiously, the comet did not attract much attention from professional observatories. The observed spectrum revealed emission from NH, CN, C2 and possibly C3, but no emission was detected from OH, NH2 or CO+. The continuum was very weak implying that the comet is considerably depleted in dust production. In this dissertation we deduce semi-empirically, using the method described by de Almeida et al. (1997) water and hydroxyl production rates from the photometric observations taken from COBS. Our results are consistent with the ones obtained from observations of the OH radical at (Crovisier et al., 1981; Despois et al., 1981), and a compact set of seven observations performed by AHearn et al. (1995), in their classic work of narrow band photometry on 85 comets. We determine water release rates and came to the conclusion that the comet has an effective radius of the order of 3, 0 (±1, 5) km and a minimum nuclear radius of 0, 9 (±0, 45) km. A fraction of minimum active surface area of the order of 10-11% on the sunlit hemisphere, is necessary to explain the rate of water production sublimated by the nucleus of the comet. In addition, these rates were compared with that of the compounds present in the comet spectrum, with results that led to the classification of it as depleted in carbon, disagreeing with preliminary studies by AHearn et al. (1995). As an expansion of the analysis, 14 other young and long-term comets, observed by the SWAN satellite, on board the SOHO spacecraft and analyzed by Combi et al. (2019), were included, with their water production rates compared to those of comet Kohler.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-12-09
 
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