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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.12.2022.tde-21122022-204505
Document
Author
Full name
Kauany Batista de Souza
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Rocha, Fabiana Fontes (President)
Tavares, Priscilla de Albuquerque
Mattos, Enlinson Henrique Carvalho de
Pero, Valéria Lúcia
Title in English
Bunching estimation of the male breadwinner norm in Brazil
Keywords in English
Bunching estimation
Gender norms
Abstract in English
We investigate the impact of the male breadwinner norm a cultural norm that establishes that a man should earn more than his wife on married females earning outcomes. Our work aims to verify if this identity norm shapes behavior, and we start by modelling it as an implicit tax on womens earnings. We estimate the labor supply response of a wife who is likely to just out-earn her husband and reacts by adjusting her earnings so as to not violate the gender norm. Using bunching techniques and a range of labor supply elasticities, we find that the breadwinner norm generates a sizable additional tax rate on female labor supply. Our preferred estimate suggests the social norm add a 32 percentage points implicit marginal tax on earnings for those women who out-earn their husbands with similar earnings. Additional extensions suggest that religiosity and age play a role on the implicit tax related to this gender norm.
Title in Portuguese
Estimação de bunching da norma do homem provedor no Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
Estimação de bunching
Normas de gênero
Abstract in Portuguese
Investigamos o impacto da norma do homem provedor - uma norma cultural que estabelece que um homem deve ganhar mais do que sua esposa - sobre os rendimentos das mulheres casadas. Nosso trabalho visa verificar se essa norma de identidade molda comportamento, e começamos por modelá-la como um imposto implícito sobre os rendimentos das mulheres. Estimamos a resposta da oferta de trabalho de uma esposa que provavelmente ganha mais que o marido e reage ajustando seus ganhos para não violar a norma de gênero. Usando técnicas de bunching e uma variedade de elasticidades da oferta de trabalho, descobrimos que a norma do homem provedor gera uma taxa de imposto adicional considerável sobre a oferta de trabalho feminina. Nossa estimativa preferida sugere que a norma social adiciona um imposto marginal implícito de 32 pontos percentuais sobre os ganhos para aquelas mulheres que ganham mais que seus maridos com ganhos semelhantes. Extensões adicionais sugerem que a religiosidade e a idade desempenham um papel no imposto implícito relacionado a essa norma de gênero.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-01-10
 
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