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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.12.2004.tde-12062023-120704
Document
Author
Full name
Solange Maria Kileber Barbosa
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Picchetti, Paulo (President)
Andrade, Monica Viegas
Menezes Filho, Naercio Aquino
Title in Portuguese
Análise da indústria farmacêutica e dos determinantes dos preços após a entrada dos medicamentos genéricos
Keywords in Portuguese
Indústria farmacêutica
Medicamento genérico
Preço (Determinação)
Abstract in Portuguese
Alguns aspectos da indústria farmacêutica foram analisados qualitativamente antes da tentativa de modelar o mercado através da teoria microeconômica. O problema de informação assimétrica que caracteriza o mercado resulta na separação entre o agente que escolhe o produto e aquele que o consome. A fidelidade às marcas que criaram reputação, aliada a incerteza a respeito da qualidade dos recentes genéricos, possibilita a manutenção de uma demanda mais inelástica a preços. As estruturas de oligopólio de Bertrand e Stackelberg foram utilizadas para investigar o comportamento dos laboratórios. Os resultados empíricos com dados em painel revelaram que conclusões diversas são obtidas quando mercados relevantes diferentes são considerados, no caso, a classe terapêutica e o principio ativo. Entre as conclusões mais relevantes, destacam-se três. O preço dos medicamentos de referencia não responde ao aumento da concorrência dos genéricos. Como genéricos e medicamentos de referencia não são considerados substitutos perfeitos, os laboratórios buscam capturar as diferentes demandas produzindo medicamentos de marca e genéricos dentro do mercado relevante. Neste caso, os preços dos genéricos são mais baixos. Por fim, a entrada de laboratórios genéricos e maior nos mercados cujo medicamento de referencia já esta na fase descendente do ciclo de vida o produto, onde ha menos concorrentes genéricos e quando a regulação e mais fraca
Title in English
Analysis of the pharmaceutical industry and price determinants after the entry of generic drugs
Keywords in English
Generic medicine
Pharmaceutical industry
Price (Determination)
Abstract in English
Before modeling the market in the microeconomic theory, some issues were explored through a qualitative analysis. The problem of asymmetric Information that describes the market results in the separation between the agent who makes choices and the consumer. Loyalty to good reputation brands, in addition to uncertainty about generic drugs quality, may keep an inelastic demand. Oligopoly structures of Bertrand and Stackelberg were used to research the laboratories behavior. Empirical results obtained with panei data showed diverse conclusions are obtained when different relevant markets are considered, in this case, the therapeutic class and the Chemical compound. Three conclusions stand out in this study. Reference drug prices weren 't reduced because of the increase of generic drugs competition. As generic and reference drugs are not considered perfect substitutes, laboratories intend to catch different demands producing brand name drugs as well as generic ones. When it occurs, generic prices are lower. Finally, generic drug entry is greater in markets whose reference drug is already in the descending phase of the life cycle of product, there are less competitors and the regulation is weak
 
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Publishing Date
2023-06-12
 
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